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Dogwhistles and Figleaves: How Manipulative Language Spreads Racism and Falsehood - Jennifer Mather Saul January 9, 2024 PDF  BOOKS
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Dogwhistles and Figleaves: How Manipulative Language Spreads Racism and Falsehood
Author: Jennifer Mather Saul
Year: January 9, 2024
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 1.9 MB
Language: English



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Dogwhistles and Figleaves: How Manipulative Language Spreads Racism and Falsehood In her groundbreaking book, Dogwhistles and Figleaves, Jennifer Saul sheds light on the insidious ways in which language is being used to spread racism and falsehood in today's political discourse. The author pinpoints two types of linguistic tricks - dogwhistles and figleaves - that have played a crucial role in the normalization of racist and conspiracy-theoretic discourse in recent years. These devices manipulate people's perceptions and beliefs, often without them even realizing it. Dogwhistles are coded messages that convey a specific meaning only to certain groups of people, such as the infamous "1488" and "Heil Hitler" used by neo-Nazis online. These messages are designed to be subtle enough to avoid detection, yet powerful enough to influence people's beliefs and actions. On the other hand, figleaves are phrases or questions that disguise unacceptable messages, making them more palatable to the masses. Examples include "just asking questions" and "taking a message that could easily be recognized as unacceptable and providing just enough cover for people to become more willing to accept them. " The book explores how these devices have contributed to the transmission of norm-violating discourse, focusing on the case of wildly implausible conspiracy theories.
Dogwlists and Figleaves: как манипулятивный язык распространяет расизм и ложь В своей новаторской книге «Dogwlists and Figleaves» Дженнифер Сол проливает свет на коварные способы, с помощью которых язык используется для распространения расизма и лжи в сегодняшнем политическом дискурсе. Автор указывает на два типа лингвистических уловок - dogwhistles и figleaves - которые сыграли решающую роль в нормализации расистского и конспирологического дискурса в последние годы. Эти устройства манипулируют восприятием и убеждениями людей, зачастую даже не осознавая этого. Dogwhistles - это закодированные сообщения, которые передают определенный смысл только определенным группам людей, таким как печально известные «1488» и «Хайль Гитлер», используемые неонацистами в интернете. Эти сообщения разработаны так, чтобы быть достаточно тонкими, чтобы избежать обнаружения, но при этом достаточно мощными, чтобы влиять на убеждения и действия людей. С другой стороны, фигли - это фразы или вопросы, которые маскируют неприемлемые послания, делая их более приемлемыми для масс. Примеры включают в себя "просто задавать вопросы" и "принимать сообщение, которое легко может быть признано неприемлемым, и обеспечивать достаточное прикрытие, чтобы люди стали более готовыми принять их. "Книга исследует, как эти устройства способствовали передаче нарушающего нормы дискурса, фокусируясь на случае дико неправдоподобных теорий заговора.
Dogwlists and Figleaves : Comment le langage manipulateur diffuse le racisme et le mensonge Dans son livre novateur Dogwlists and Figleaves, Jennifer Saul met en lumière les façons insidieuses dont le langage est utilisé pour répandre le racisme et le mensonge dans le discours politique d'aujourd'hui. L'auteur indique deux types de subterfuges linguistiques - dogwhistles et figleaves - qui ont joué un rôle décisif dans la normalisation du discours raciste et conspirationniste ces dernières années. Ces dispositifs manipulent les perceptions et les croyances des gens, souvent sans même s'en rendre compte. s Dogwhistles sont des messages codés qui ne transmettent un sens spécifique qu'à certains groupes de personnes, comme les infâmes « 1488 » et « Heil Hitler », utilisés par les néonazis sur Internet. Ces messages sont conçus pour être suffisamment fins pour éviter d'être détectés, tout en étant suffisamment puissants pour influencer les croyances et les actions des gens. D'un autre côté, les figs sont des phrases ou des questions qui masquent des messages inacceptables, les rendant plus acceptables pour les masses. Par exemple, "il suffit de poser des questions" et "d'accepter un message qui peut facilement être jugé inacceptable et de fournir une couverture suffisante pour que les gens deviennent plus disposés à les accepter. " livre explore comment ces dispositifs ont contribué à transmettre un discours perturbateur, en se concentrant sur le cas de théories du complot sauvagement improbables.
Dogwlists and Figleaves: cómo el lenguaje manipulador propaga el racismo y la mentira En su libro pionero «Dogwlists and Figleaves», Jennifer Saul arroja luz sobre las formas insidiosas en que el lenguaje se utiliza para propagar el racismo y la mentira en el discurso político de hoy. autor señala dos tipos de trucos lingüísticos -dogwhistles y figleaves- que han jugado un papel decisivo en la normalización del discurso racista y conspirativo en los últimos . Estos dispositivos manipulan las percepciones y creencias de las personas, a menudo sin siquiera darse cuenta. dogwhistles son mensajes codificados que sólo transmiten cierto sentido a ciertos grupos de personas, como los infames «1488» y «Heil Hitler», utilizados por los neonazis en internet. Estos mensajes están diseñados para ser lo suficientemente sutiles como para evitar ser detectados, pero al mismo tiempo lo suficientemente poderosos como para influir en las creencias y acciones de las personas. Por otro lado, las figuras son frases o preguntas que enmascaran mensajes inaceptables, haciéndolos más aceptables para las masas. ejemplos incluyen "simplemente hacer preguntas" y "aceptar un mensaje que fácilmente puede ser considerado inaceptable, y proporcionar cobertura suficiente para que la gente esté más dispuesta a aceptarlos. "libro explora cómo estos dispositivos contribuyeron a la transmisión del discurso violatorio, centrándose en el caso de teorías conspirativas salvajemente inverosímiles.
Dogwlists and Figleaves: Wie manipulative Sprache Rassismus und Lügen verbreitet Jennifer Saul beleuchtet in ihrem bahnbrechenden Buch „Dogwlists and Figleaves“ die heimtückischen Wege, mit denen Sprache im heutigen politischen Diskurs Rassismus und Lügen verbreitet. Der Autor weist auf zwei Arten von sprachlichen Tricks hin - Dogwhistles und Figleaves -, die in den letzten Jahren eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Normalisierung des rassistischen und verschwörungsideologischen Diskurses gespielt haben. Diese Geräte manipulieren die Wahrnehmungen und Überzeugungen der Menschen, oft ohne es zu merken. Dogwhistles sind verschlüsselte Nachrichten, die nur bestimmten Personengruppen eine bestimmte Bedeutung vermitteln, wie die berüchtigten „1488“ und „Heil Hitler“, die von Neonazis im Internet verwendet werden. Diese Botschaften sind so konzipiert, dass sie subtil genug sind, um nicht entdeckt zu werden, aber dennoch mächtig genug sind, um die Überzeugungen und Handlungen der Menschen zu beeinflussen. Auf der anderen Seite sind Feigen Phrasen oder Fragen, die inakzeptable Botschaften verschleiern und sie für die Massen akzeptabler machen. Beispiele sind "einfach Fragen stellen" und "eine Nachricht annehmen, die leicht als inakzeptabel angesehen werden kann, und genügend Deckung bieten, damit die Menschen eher bereit sind, sie zu akzeptieren. "Das Buch untersucht, wie diese Geräte zur Übertragung eines normstörenden Diskurses beigetragen haben, indem es sich auf den Fall wild unglaubwürdiger Verschwörungstheorien konzentrierte.
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Dogwlists and Figleaves: How Manipulative Language Spreads Racism and Lies (Dogwlists ve Figleaves: Manipülatif Dil Irkçılığı ve Yalanları Nasıl Yayar) Jennifer Saul, çığır açan Dogwlists and Figleaves adlı kitabında, günümüz siyasi söyleminde yer alan ve ırkçılığı yaymak için dilin kullanıldığı sinsi yollara ışık tutuyor. Yazar, son yıllarda ırkçı ve komplo söylemini normalleştirmede çok önemli bir rol oynayan iki tür dilsel hileye - dogwhistles ve figleaves - işaret ediyor. Bu cihazlar, insanların algılarını ve inançlarını, çoğu zaman farkında bile olmadan manipüle eder. Dogwhistles, internette neo-Naziler tarafından kullanılan "1488've" Heil Hitler'gibi sadece belirli insan gruplarına belirli bir anlam ifade eden kodlanmış mesajlardır. Bu mesajlar, tespit edilmekten kaçınmak için yeterince ince, ancak insanların inançlarını ve eylemlerini etkileyecek kadar güçlü olacak şekilde tasarlanmıştır. Öte yandan incir, kabul edilemez mesajları maskeleyen ve onları kitleler için daha lezzetli hale getiren ifadeler veya sorulardır. Örnekler arasında "sadece soru sormak've" kolayca kabul edilemez sayılabilecek bir mesajı kabul etmek ve insanları kabul etmeye daha istekli hale getirmek için yeterli kapak sağlamak "sayılabilir. Kitap, bu cihazların norm kırıcı söylemin iletilmesine nasıl katkıda bulunduğunu araştırıyor ve çılgınca mantıksız komplo teorilerine odaklanıyor.
قوائم الكلاب والأشكال: كيف تنشر اللغة المتلاعبة العنصرية والأكاذيب في كتابها الرائد Dogwlists and Figleaves، تلقي جينيفر شاول الضوء على الطرق الخبيثة التي تُستخدم بها اللغة لنشر العنصرية وتكمن في الخطاب السياسي اليوم. يشير المؤلف إلى نوعين من الحيل اللغوية - صافرات الكلاب والتصورات - التي لعبت دورًا حاسمًا في تطبيع الخطاب العنصري والمؤامرة في السنوات الأخيرة. تتلاعب هذه الأجهزة بتصورات الناس ومعتقداتهم، غالبًا دون أن تدرك ذلك. الكلاب هي رسائل مشفرة تنقل معنى معينًا فقط إلى مجموعات معينة من الناس، مثل «1488» و «هيل هتلر» سيئ السمعة، التي يستخدمها النازيون الجدد على الإنترنت. تم تصميم هذه الرسائل لتكون دقيقة بما يكفي لتجنب اكتشافها، ولكنها قوية بما يكفي للتأثير على معتقدات الناس وأفعالهم. التين، من ناحية أخرى، عبارة عن عبارات أو أسئلة تخفي رسائل غير مقبولة، مما يجعلها أكثر استساغة للجماهير. تشمل الأمثلة "مجرد طرح الأسئلة" و "قبول رسالة يمكن اعتبارها غير مقبولة بسهولة وتوفير غطاء كافٍ لجعل الناس أكثر استعدادًا لقبولها. "يستكشف الكتاب كيف ساهمت هذه الأجهزة في نقل الخطاب المخالف للمعايير، مع التركيز على حالة نظريات المؤامرة غير المعقولة إلى حد كبير.

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