BOOKS - The Clash Within: Democracy, Religious Violence, and India's Future
The Clash Within: Democracy, Religious Violence, and India
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The Clash Within: Democracy, Religious Violence, and India's Future
Author: Martha C. Nussbaum
Year: January 1, 2007
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 1.2 MB
Language: English



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The Clash Within: Democracy, Religious Violence, and India's Future In this penetrating look at India today, Martha Nussbaum reveals how the forces of the Hindu right pose a disturbing threat to the country's democratic traditions and secular state. Since long before the 2002 Gujarat riots, where nearly two thousand Muslims were killed by Hindu extremists, the power of the Hindu right has been growing, threatening India's hard-won constitutional practices of democracy, tolerance, and religious pluralism. Led politically by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), the Hindu right seeks the subordination of other religious groups, particularly targeting Muslims, who are cast as devils in need of purging. The BJP's defeat in recent elections demonstrates the power that India's pluralism continues to wield, but the future remains far from secure, as Hindu extremism and exclusivity remain a troubling obstacle to harmony in South Asia.
Столкновение внутри: демократия, религиозное насилие и будущее Индии В этом проникновенном взгляде на Индию сегодня Марта Нуссбаум показывает, как силы индуистских правых представляют собой тревожную угрозу демократическим традициям страны и светскому государству. Задолго до беспорядков в Гуджарате в 2002 году, где почти две тысячи мусульман были убиты индуистскими экстремистами, власть индуистских правых росла, угрожая с трудом завоеванным конституционным практикам Индии демократии, терпимости и религиозного плюрализма. Возглавляемые политически Бхаратия джаната парти (БДП), индуистские правые стремятся к подчинению других религиозных групп, в частности, нацеленных на мусульман, которые брошены как дьяволы, нуждающиеся в чистке. Поражение БДП на недавних выборах демонстрирует силу, которой продолжает обладать плюрализм Индии, но будущее остается далеко не безопасным, поскольку индуистский экстремизм и исключительность остаются тревожным препятствием для гармонии в Южной Азии.
L'affrontement à l'intérieur : la démocratie, la violence religieuse et l'avenir de l'Inde Dans cette vision imprégnée de l'Inde aujourd'hui, Martha Nussbaum montre comment les forces de la droite hindoue représentent une menace inquiétante pour les traditions démocratiques du pays et l'État laïc. Bien avant les émeutes du Gujarat en 2002, où près de deux mille musulmans ont été tués par des extrémistes hindous, le pouvoir de la droite hindoue s'est développé, menaçant les pratiques constitutionnelles de l'Inde durement conquises de démocratie, de tolérance et de pluralisme religieux. Dirigées politiquement par le Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), les droites hindoues aspirent à la subordination d'autres groupes religieux, en particulier ceux qui ciblent les musulmans qui sont abandonnés comme des démons à purger. La défaite du BJP lors des dernières élections démontre la force du pluralisme de l'Inde, mais l'avenir est loin d'être sûr, car l'extrémisme hindou et l'exclusivité demeurent un obstacle inquiétant à l'harmonie en Asie du Sud.
choque en el interior: democracia, violencia religiosa y el futuro de la India En esta visión penetrante de la India, hoy Martha Nussbaum muestra cómo las fuerzas de la derecha hindú representan una amenaza alarmante para las tradiciones democráticas del país y el Estado laico. Mucho antes de los disturbios de Gujarat en 2002, donde casi dos mil musulmanes fueron asesinados por extremistas hindúes, el poder de la derecha hindú creció, amenazando las prácticas constitucionales de la India, la democracia, la tolerancia y el pluralismo religioso, duramente conquistadas. Liderados políticamente por Bharatiya Janata Parti (BJP), la derecha hindú busca someter a otros grupos religiosos, en particular a los musulmanes, que son abandonados como diablos que necesitan limpieza. La derrota del BJP en las recientes elecciones demuestra la fuerza que sigue teniendo el pluralismo de la India, pero el futuro está lejos de ser seguro, ya que el extremismo y la exclusividad hindúes siguen siendo un obstáculo preocupante para la armonía en el sur de Asia.
Kollision im Inneren: Demokratie, religiöse Gewalt und die Zukunft Indiens In diesem eindringlichen Blick auf Indien heute zeigt Martha Nussbaum, wie die Kräfte der hinduistischen Rechten eine beunruhigende Bedrohung für die demokratischen Traditionen des Landes und den säkularen Staat darstellen. Lange vor den Unruhen in Gujarat im Jahr 2002, wo fast zweitausend Muslime von hinduistischen Extremisten ermordet wurden, wuchs die Macht der hinduistischen Rechten und bedrohte Indiens hart erkämpfte Verfassungspraktiken von Demokratie, Toleranz und religiösem Pluralismus. Die hinduistische Rechte, die politisch von der Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) geführt wird, strebt die Unterwerfung anderer religiöser Gruppen an, insbesondere derjenigen, die Muslime ins Visier nehmen, die als säuberungsbedürftige Teufel im Stich gelassen werden. Die Niederlage der BJP bei den jüngsten Wahlen zeigt die Stärke, die Indiens Pluralismus weiterhin besitzt, aber die Zukunft bleibt alles andere als sicher, da hinduistischer Extremismus und Exklusivität ein beunruhigendes Hindernis für die Harmonie in Südasien bleiben.
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Clash Within: Democracy, Religious Violence, and India's Future Bugün Hindistan'a yürekten bakan Martha Nussbaum, Hindu sağ güçlerinin ülkenin demokratik gelenekleri ve laik devleti için nasıl endişe verici bir tehdit oluşturduğunu gösteriyor. Hindu aşırılık yanlıları tarafından yaklaşık iki bin Müslümanın öldürüldüğü 2002 Gujarat ayaklanmalarından çok önce, Hindu sağının gücü büyüdü ve Hindistan'ın zor kazanılmış demokrasi, hoşgörü ve dini çoğulculuk anayasal uygulamalarını tehdit etti. yasi olarak Bharatiya Janata Partisi (BJP) tarafından yönetilen Hindu sağı, diğer dini grupların, özellikle de tasfiye edilmesi gereken şeytanlar olarak görülen Müslümanları hedef alanların boyun eğdirilmesini istiyor. BJP'nin son seçimlerdeki yenilgisi, Hindistan'ın çoğulculuğunun sahip olmaya devam ettiği gücü gösteriyor, ancak gelecek, Hindu aşırılıkçılığı ve istisnacılığı ile Güney Asya'daki uyumun önünde endişe verici bir engel olmaya devam ediyor.
صدام في الداخل: الديمقراطية والعنف الديني ومستقبل الهند في هذه النظرة القلبية إلى الهند اليوم، تُظهر مارثا نوسباوم كيف تشكل قوى اليمين الهندوسي تهديدًا مقلقًا للتقاليد الديمقراطية والدولة العلمانية في البلاد. قبل وقت طويل من أعمال الشغب في ولاية غوجارات عام 2002، حيث قُتل ما يقرب من ألفي مسلم على أيدي المتطرفين الهندوس، نمت قوة اليمين الهندوسي، مما يهدد ممارسات الهند الدستورية التي تم اكتسابها بشق الأنفس المتمثلة في الديمقراطية والتسامح والتعددية الدينية. يسعى اليمين الهندوسي، بقيادة حزب بهاراتيا جاناتا سياسيًا، إلى إخضاع الجماعات الدينية الأخرى، ولا سيما تلك التي تستهدف المسلمين الذين يتم تصويرهم على أنهم شياطين بحاجة إلى التطهير. تُظهر هزيمة حزب بهاراتيا جاناتا في الانتخابات الأخيرة القوة التي لا تزال تتمتع بها التعددية في الهند، لكن المستقبل لا يزال بعيدًا عن الأمان، مع بقاء التطرف الهندوسي والاستثنائية عقبة مقلقة أمام الانسجام في جنوب آسيا.

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