BOOKS - The Culture of Migration in Southern Mexico
The Culture of Migration in Southern Mexico - Jeffrey H. Cohen December 1, 2004 PDF  BOOKS
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The Culture of Migration in Southern Mexico
Author: Jeffrey H. Cohen
Year: December 1, 2004
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 4.3 MB
Language: English



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The Culture of Migration in Southern Mexico Migration is a way of life for many individuals and even families in the Mexican state of Oaxaca. Some who leave their rural communities go only as far as the state capital, while others migrate to other parts of Mexico and even to the United States. Many send money back to their communities, and many return to their homes after a few years. Migration offers Oaxacans economic opportunities that are not always available locally, but it also creates burdens for those who stay behind. This book explores the complex constellation of factors that cause rural Oaxacans to migrate, the historical and contemporary patterns of their migration, and the economic, cultural, and social reasons why many Oaxacans choose not to migrate. Jeffrey Cohen draws on fieldwork and survey data from twelve communities in the central valleys of Oaxaca to provide an all-encompassing view of the factors that drive migration and determine its outcomes. He demonstrates conclusively that while migration is an effective way to make a living, no single model can explain the patterns of migration in southern Mexico.
Культура миграции на юге Мексики Миграция - это образ жизни для многих людей и даже семей в мексиканском штате Оахака. Некоторые покидают свои сельские общины только до столицы штата, а другие мигрируют в другие части Мексики и даже в США. Многие отправляют деньги обратно в свои общины, а многие возвращаются в свои дома через несколько лет. Миграция предлагает оаксакцам экономические возможности, которые не всегда доступны на местном уровне, но она также создает бремя для тех, кто остается позади. Эта книга исследует сложную совокупность факторов, которые заставляют сельских оаксакцев мигрировать, исторические и современные модели их миграции, а также экономические, культурные и социальные причины, по которым многие оаксакцы предпочитают не мигрировать. Джеффри Коэн использует данные полевых работ и обследований из двенадцати общин в центральных долинах Оахаки, чтобы обеспечить всеобъемлющее представление о факторах, которые управляют миграцией и определяют ее результаты. Он убедительно демонстрирует, что, хотя миграция является эффективным способом зарабатывать на жизнь, ни одна модель не может объяснить закономерности миграции на юге Мексики.
Culture de la migration dans le sud du Mexique La migration est un mode de vie pour de nombreuses personnes et même des familles dans l'état mexicain d'Oaxaca. Certains quittent leurs communautés rurales seulement jusqu'à la capitale de l'État, tandis que d'autres migrent vers d'autres régions du Mexique et même vers les États-Unis. Beaucoup envoient de l'argent à leurs communautés et beaucoup retournent chez eux quelques années plus tard. s migrations offrent aux Oaxacs des possibilités économiques qui ne sont pas toujours disponibles au niveau local, mais elles pèsent aussi sur ceux qui sont laissés pour compte. Ce livre explore un ensemble complexe de facteurs qui poussent les Oaxacs ruraux à migrer, les schémas historiques et modernes de leur migration, ainsi que les raisons économiques, culturelles et sociales pour lesquelles de nombreux Oaxacs préfèrent ne pas migrer. Jeffrey Cohen utilise les données des travaux de terrain et des enquêtes de douze communautés dans les vallées centrales de Oaxaca pour fournir une vue d'ensemble des facteurs qui gèrent la migration et en déterminent les résultats. Il démontre de manière convaincante que si la migration est un moyen efficace de gagner sa vie, aucun modèle ne peut expliquer les schémas migratoires dans le sud du Mexique.
Cultura migratoria en el sur de México La migración es una forma de vida para muchas personas e incluso familias en el estado mexicano de Oaxaca. Algunos abandonan sus comunidades rurales solo hasta la capital del estado, mientras que otros migran a otras partes de México e incluso a Estados Unidos. Muchos envían dinero de vuelta a sus comunidades, y muchos regresan a sus hogares en pocos . La migración ofrece a los oaxaqueños oportunidades económicas que no siempre están disponibles a nivel local, pero también crea una carga para los que se quedan atrás. Este libro explora un complejo conjunto de factores que hacen migrar a los oaxaqueños rurales, los patrones históricos y modernos de su migración, así como las razones económicas, culturales y sociales por las que muchos oaxaqueños optan por no migrar. Jeffrey Cohen utiliza datos de trabajo de campo y encuestas de doce comunidades de los valles centrales de Oaxaca para proporcionar una visión integral de los factores que rigen la migración y determinar sus resultados. Demuestra de manera convincente que, si bien la migración es una forma eficaz de ganarse la vida, ningún modelo puede explicar los patrones de migración en el sur de México.
A cultura da migração no sul do México Migração é um modo de vida para muitas pessoas e até mesmo famílias no estado mexicano de Oaxaca. Alguns deixam as suas comunidades rurais até à capital do estado, enquanto outros migram para outras partes do México e até para os Estados Unidos. Muitos enviam dinheiro de volta para as suas comunidades, e muitos voltam para as suas casas daqui a alguns anos. A migração oferece oportunidades econômicas aos oaxaquis, que nem sempre estão disponíveis a nível local, mas também cria um fardo para aqueles que ficam para trás. Este livro explora um conjunto complexo de fatores que levam os oaxaquianos rurais a migrarem, os modelos históricos e modernos de sua migração, e as razões econômicas, culturais e sociais pelas quais muitos oaxaquianos preferem não migrar. Jeffrey Cohen usa dados de trabalhos de campo e exames de doze comunidades nos vales centrais de Oaxaca para fornecer uma visão abrangente dos fatores que controlam a migração e determinam seus resultados. Demonstra claramente que, embora a migração seja uma forma eficaz de ganhar a vida, nenhum modelo pode explicar o padrão de migração no sul do México.
La cultura della migrazione nel sud del Messico La migrazione è uno stile di vita per molte persone e anche famiglie nello stato messicano di Oaxaca. Alcuni lasciano le loro comunità rurali solo fino alla capitale dello stato, mentre altri migrano verso altre parti del Messico e persino verso gli Stati Uniti. Molti rimandano i soldi alle loro comunità e molti tornano nelle loro case dopo qualche anno. migrazioni offrono opportunità economiche che non sempre sono disponibili a livello locale, ma creano anche un peso per chi rimane indietro. Questo libro esamina la complessa serie di fattori che spingono gli oaxakiani rurali a migrare, i modelli storici e moderni della loro migrazione e le ragioni economiche, culturali e sociali per cui molti oaxakiani preferiscono non migrare. Jeffrey Cohen si avvale dei dati di lavoro sul campo e di indagini provenienti da dodici comunità nelle valli centrali di Oaxaca per fornire una visione completa dei fattori che governano la migrazione e ne determinano i risultati. Dimostra con convinzione che, sebbene la migrazione sia un modo efficace per guadagnare da vivere, nessun modello può spiegare lo schema di migrazione nel sud del Messico.
Migrationskultur im Süden Mexikos Migration ist für viele Menschen und sogar Familien im mexikanischen Bundesstaat Oaxaca eine bensform. Einige verlassen ihre ländlichen Gemeinden nur bis zur Landeshauptstadt, während andere in andere Teile Mexikos und sogar in die USA abwandern. Viele schicken Geld zurück in ihre Gemeinden, und viele kehren nach ein paar Jahren in ihre Häuser zurück. Die Migration bietet den Oaxacans wirtschaftliche Chancen, die auf lokaler Ebene nicht immer verfügbar sind, aber sie stellt auch eine Belastung für diejenigen dar, die zurückbleiben. Dieses Buch untersucht die komplexe Kombination von Faktoren, die ländliche Oaxaca-Menschen zur Migration zwingen, historische und moderne Muster ihrer Migration sowie die wirtschaftlichen, kulturellen und sozialen Gründe, warum viele Oaxaca-Menschen sich gegen die Migration entscheiden. Jeffrey Cohen verwendet Feld- und Umfragedaten aus zwölf Gemeinden in den zentralen Tälern von Oaxaca, um einen umfassenden Einblick in die Faktoren zu geben, die die Migration antreiben und ihre Ergebnisse bestimmen. Er zeigt überzeugend, dass Migration zwar eine effektive Möglichkeit ist, ihren bensunterhalt zu verdienen, aber kein Modell die Migrationsmuster im Süden Mexikos erklären kann.
תרבות ההגירה בדרום מקסיקו היא דרך חיים עבור אנשים רבים ואפילו משפחות במדינת אואחאקה במקסיקו. חלקם עוזבים את הקהילות הכפריות שלהם רק עד לבירת המדינה, בעוד שאחרים מהגרים לאזורים אחרים במקסיקו ואפילו לארצות הברית. רבים שולחים כסף בחזרה לקהילות שלהם, ורבים חוזרים לבתיהם אחרי כמה שנים. הגירה מציעה הזדמנויות כלכליות Oaxaxis שאינן תמיד זמינות באופן מקומי, אבל היא גם יוצרת נטל עבור אלה שנותרו מאחור. ספר זה בוחן את מערכת הגורמים המורכבת הגורמת לאואקסקסים הכפריים להגר, את הדפוסים ההיסטוריים והעכשוויים של הגירתם, ואת הסיבות הכלכליות, התרבותיות והחברתיות שבגללן רבים מאואקסקסים בוחרים שלא להגר. ג 'פרי כהן משתמש בנתוני עבודת שטח וסקר משנים עשר קהילות בעמקי אואחאקה המרכזיים כדי לספק מבט מקיף על הגורמים המניעים הגירה ומנחים את תוצאותיה. היא ממחישה באופן משכנע שבעוד שהגירה היא דרך יעילה להתפרנס, שום מודל יחיד אינו יכול להסביר את דפוסי הנדידה בדרום מקסיקו.''
Güney Meksika'da Göç Kültürü Göç, Meksika'nın Oaxaca eyaletindeki birçok insan ve hatta aileler için bir yaşam biçimidir. Bazıları kırsal topluluklarını yalnızca eyalet başkentine kadar terk ederken, diğerleri Meksika'nın diğer bölgelerine ve hatta Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'ne göç eder. Birçoğu topluluklarına para gönderiyor ve birçoğu birkaç yıl sonra evlerine geri dönüyor. Göç, Oaxaxaxis'e her zaman yerel olarak mevcut olmayan ekonomik fırsatlar sunar, ancak aynı zamanda geride kalanlar için bir yük oluşturur. Bu kitap, kırsal Oaxaxaxaxans'ın göç etmesine neden olan karmaşık faktörler kümesini, göçlerinin tarihsel ve çağdaş kalıplarını ve birçok Oaxaxaxaxaxans'ın göç etmemeyi seçmesinin ekonomik, kültürel ve sosyal nedenlerini araştırıyor. Jeffrey Cohen, göçü yönlendiren ve sonuçlarını yönlendiren faktörlerin kapsamlı bir görünümünü sağlamak için merkezi Oaxaca vadilerindeki on iki topluluktan saha çalışması ve anket verilerini kullanır. Göç, geçimini sağlamak için etkili bir yol olsa da, tek bir modelin güney Meksika'daki göç modellerini açıklayamayacağını ikna edici bir şekilde göstermektedir.
ثقافة الهجرة في جنوب المكسيك الهجرة هي أسلوب حياة لكثير من الناس وحتى العائلات في ولاية أواكساكا المكسيكية. يترك البعض مجتمعاتهم الريفية فقط حتى عاصمة الولاية، بينما يهاجر البعض الآخر إلى أجزاء أخرى من المكسيك وحتى الولايات المتحدة. يرسل الكثيرون الأموال إلى مجتمعاتهم، ويعود الكثيرون إلى منازلهم بعد بضع سنوات. توفر الهجرة فرصًا اقتصادية لشركة Oaxaxis لا تتوفر دائمًا محليًا، ولكنها تخلق أيضًا عبئًا على أولئك الذين تركوا وراءهم. يستكشف هذا الكتاب مجموعة العوامل المعقدة التي تتسبب في هجرة أواكساكسان الريفيين، والأنماط التاريخية والمعاصرة لهجرتهم، والأسباب الاقتصادية والثقافية والاجتماعية التي تجعل العديد من أواكساكسان يختارون عدم الهجرة. يستخدم جيفري كوهين بيانات العمل الميداني والمسح من اثني عشر مجتمعًا في وديان أواكساكا الوسطى لتقديم رؤية شاملة للعوامل التي تدفع الهجرة وتوجيه نتائجها. إنه يوضح بشكل مقنع أنه في حين أن الهجرة هي طريقة فعالة لكسب العيش، فلا يوجد نموذج واحد يمكنه تفسير أنماط الهجرة في جنوب المكسيك.
멕시코 남부 이주의 이주 문화는 멕시코 오악 사카주의 많은 사람들과 심지어 가족들에게 삶의 방식입니다. 일부는 주 수도까지만 농촌 지역을 떠나고 다른 일부는 멕시코와 미국의 다른 지역으로 이주합니다. 많은 사람들이 지역 사회에 돈을 돌려 보내고 몇 년 후에 많은 사람들이 집으로 돌아옵니다. 마이그레이션은 항상 현지에서 이용할 수있는 것은 아니지만 Oaxaxaxis 경제 기회를 제공하지만 남은 사람들에게도 부담이됩니 이 책은 농촌 Oaxaxan이 이주하게하는 복잡한 요소, 이주의 역사적, 현대적 패턴, 많은 Oaxaxan이 이주하지 않기로 선택한 경제적, 문화적, 사회적 이유를 탐구합니다. Jeffrey Cohen은 중앙 오악 사카 계곡의 12 개 커뮤니티의 현장 작업 및 설문 조사 데이터를 사용하여 마이그레이션을 유도하고 결과를 안내하는 요소에 대한 포괄적 인 견해를 제공합 그것은 이주가 생계를 유지하는 효과적인 방법이지만 멕시코 남부의 이주 패턴을 설명 할 수있는 단일 모델은 없음을 설득력있게 보여줍니다.
墨西哥南部的移民文化移民是墨西哥瓦哈卡州許多人,甚至家庭的一種生活方式。有些人只離開農村社區前往州首府,而另一些人則移民到墨西哥其他地區,甚至美國。許多人把錢寄回他們的社區,許多人在幾後回到他們的家。移民為奧克薩克人提供了並非總是在當地獲得的經濟機會,但也給那些被遺棄的人帶來了負擔。本書探討了導致奧克薩克人遷移的復雜因素,其遷移的歷史和現代模式以及許多奧克薩克人選擇不遷移的經濟,文化和社會原因。傑弗裏·科恩(Jeffrey Cohen)使用瓦哈卡州中部山谷十二個社區的實地工作和調查數據,以全面了解驅動移民並確定其結果的因素。它有力地表明,盡管移民是一種有效的謀生方式,但沒有一種模式可以解釋墨西哥南部的移民模式。

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