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Firsting and Lasting: Writing Indians out of Existence in New England (Indigenous Americas) - Jean M. O’Brien May 10, 2010 PDF  BOOKS
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Firsting and Lasting: Writing Indians out of Existence in New England (Indigenous Americas)
Author: Jean M. O’Brien
Year: May 10, 2010
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 4.3 MB
Language: English



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Long detailed description of the plot: Firsting and Lasting Writing Indians out of Existence in New England Indigenous Americas is a book that delves into the evolution of technology and its impact on the survival of humanity, specifically in the context of New England during the 19th century. The author, Jean M. O'Brien, argues that local histories written by antiquarians and community leaders in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island served as a means to assert European American modernity while denying it to Native Americans. These narratives not only contributed to the myth of Indian extinction but also reinforced racial purity and the idea that Indians were no longer "truly Indian" if they adapted to modern life. The book explores how these local histories, written between 1820 and 1880, shaped the understanding of Indian peoples and their place in society. Despite the continued presence of Indians, local historians and their readers believed that they had vanished due to their perceived racial impurity and ability to adapt to modern life. This myth of Indian extinction has stubbornly persisted in the American consciousness, and O'Brien examines how Indians have resisted this erasure through their own narratives. Through her research, O'Brien uncovers a rich and surprising history of debates about race and indigenous rights that continue to influence contemporary discourses. She draws on over six hundred local histories, censuses, monuments, and historical pageants and commemorations to illustrate how the notion of Indian extinction was inculcated into the collective consciousness.
Long detailed description of the plot: Firsting and Longing Writing Indians out of Existence in New England Indigenous Americas - книга, которая углубляется в эволюцию технологии и её влияние на выживание человечества, особенно в контексте Новой Англии в течение XIX века. Автор, Джин М. О'Брайен, утверждает, что местные истории, написанные антикварными и общественными лидерами в Массачусетсе, Коннектикуте и Род-Айленде, служили средством для утверждения европейской американской современности, отрицая её для коренных американцев. Эти рассказы не только способствовали мифу об исчезновении индейцев, но и укрепили расовую чистоту и идею о том, что индейцы больше не являются «истинно индейцами», если они адаптируются к современной жизни. Книга исследует, как эти местные истории, написанные между 1820 и 1880 годами, сформировали понимание индейских народов и их места в обществе. Несмотря на постоянное присутствие индейцев, местные историки и их читатели считали, что они исчезли из-за их предполагаемой расовой нечистоты и способности адаптироваться к современной жизни. Этот миф об исчезновении индейцев упорно сохранялся в американском сознании, и О'Брайен исследует, как индейцы сопротивлялись этому стиранию через собственные повествования. В своем исследовании О'Брайен раскрывает богатую и удивительную историю дебатов о расе и правах коренных народов, которые продолжают влиять на современные дискурсы. Она опирается на более чем шестьсот местных историй, переписей населения, памятников, исторических конкурсов и поминок, чтобы проиллюстрировать, как понятие вымирания индейцев было привито коллективному сознанию.
Long detailed description of the plot : Firsting and Longing Writing Indians out of Existences in New England Indigenous Americas est un livre qui explore l'évolution de la technologie et son impact sur la survie de l'humanité, en particulier dans le contexte de la Nouvelle-Angleterre au XIXe siècle. L'auteur, Gene M. O'Brien, affirme que les histoires locales écrites par des dirigeants antiques et sociaux du Massachusetts, du Connecticut et du Rhode Island ont servi de moyen d'affirmer la modernité européenne américaine en la niant aux Américains autochtones. Ces récits ont non seulement contribué au mythe de la disparition des Indiens, mais aussi renforcé la pureté raciale et l'idée que les Indiens ne sont plus « vraiment Indiens » s'ils s'adaptent à la vie moderne. livre explore comment ces histoires locales, écrites entre 1820 et 1880, ont façonné la compréhension des peuples indiens et leur place dans la société. Malgré la présence constante des Indiens, les historiens locaux et leurs lecteurs pensaient qu'ils avaient disparu en raison de leur impureté raciale présumée et de leur capacité à s'adapter à la vie moderne. Ce mythe de la disparition des Indiens a persisté dans la conscience américaine, et O'Brien explore comment les Indiens ont résisté à cet effacement à travers leurs propres récits. Dans son étude, O'Brien révèle la riche et étonnante histoire du débat sur la race et les droits des peuples autochtones, qui continue d'influencer les discours contemporains. Il s'appuie sur plus de six cents histoires locales, recensements de la population, monuments, concours historiques et commémorations pour illustrer comment la notion d'extinction des Indiens a été inculquée à la conscience collective.
Long detailed description of the plot: Firsting and Longing Writing Indians out of Existence in New England Indigenous Americas es un libro que profundiza en la evolución de la tecnología y su impacto en la supervivencia de la humanidad, especialmente en el contexto Nueva Inglaterra durante el siglo XIX. autor, Gene M. O'Brien, afirma que las historias locales escritas por antiguos y líderes sociales en Massachusetts, Connecticut y Rhode Island sirvieron como un medio para afirmar la modernidad europea americana, negándola para los nativos americanos. Estas historias no sólo contribuyeron al mito de la desaparición de los indios, sino que también fortalecieron la pureza racial y la idea de que los indios ya no son «verdaderos indios» si se adaptan a la vida moderna. libro explora cómo estas historias locales, escritas entre 1820 y 1880, formaron una comprensión de los pueblos indios y su lugar en la sociedad. A pesar de la presencia constante de indios, los historiadores locales y sus lectores creían que habían desaparecido debido a su supuesta impureza racial y su capacidad de adaptarse a la vida moderna. Este mito de la desaparición de los indios persistió persistentemente en la conciencia estadounidense, y O'Brien explora cómo los indios se resistieron a este borrado a través de sus propias narraciones. En su estudio, O'Brien revela la rica y sorprendente historia del debate sobre la raza y los derechos de los pueblos indígenas, que siguen influyendo en los discursos modernos. Se basa en más de seiscientas historias locales, censos de población, monumentos, concursos históricos y conmemoraciones para ilustrar cómo el concepto de extinción de los indios fue inculcado en la conciencia colectiva.
Long detailed descrição of the plot: Firsting and Longing Writing Indians out of Existence in New England Indigenous Americas - um livro que se aprofunda na evolução da tecnologia e na sua influência na sobrevivência humana, especialmente no contexto da Nova Inglaterra durante o século XIX. O autor, Gene M. O'Brien, afirma que as histórias locais escritas por líderes antigos e comunitários em Massachusetts, Connecticut e Rhode Island serviram para afirmar a modernidade europeia americana, negando-a para os nativos americanos. Essas histórias não só contribuíram para o mito do desaparecimento dos índios, mas também fortaleceram a pureza racial e a ideia de que os índios não são mais «verdadeiros índios» se se adaptarem à vida moderna. O livro investiga como essas histórias locais, escritas entre 1820 e 1880, moldaram a compreensão dos povos indígenas e seu lugar na sociedade. Apesar da presença constante dos índios, historiadores locais e seus leitores acreditavam que eles tinham desaparecido devido à sua suposta imundice racial e capacidade de se adaptar à vida moderna. Este mito do desaparecimento dos índios persistiu na mente americana, e O'Brien está a investigar como os índios resistiram a este apagar através de suas próprias narrativas. Em seu estudo, O'Brien revela a rica e surpreendente história do debate sobre raça e direitos indígenas, que continua a influenciar os discursos modernos. Baseia-se em mais de seiscentas histórias locais, censos populacionais, monumentos, concursos históricos e homenagens para ilustrar como o conceito de extinção dos índios foi introduzido à consciência coletiva.
Long detailed descrizione of the plot: Firsting and Longing Writing Indians out of Execuence in New England Indigenous Americhe è un libro che approfondisce l'evoluzione della tecnologia e il suo impatto sulla sopravvivenza dell'umanità, soprattutto nel contesto del New England nel XIX secolo. L'autore, Gene M. O'Brien, sostiene che le storie locali, scritte da leader antichi e sociali in Massachusetts, Connecticut e Rhode Island, sono state un mezzo per affermare la modernità americana europea, negandola ai nativi americani. Questi racconti non solo hanno contribuito al mito della scomparsa degli indiani, ma hanno anche rafforzato la purezza razziale e l'idea che gli indiani non siano più «veri indiani» se si adattano alla vita moderna. Il libro indaga come queste storie locali, scritte tra il 1820 e il 1880, formarono la comprensione dei popoli indiani e del loro posto nella società. Nonostante la costante presenza degli indiani, gli storici locali e i loro lettori ritenevano che fossero scomparsi a causa della loro presunta impurità razziale e capacità di adattarsi alla vita moderna. Questo mito della scomparsa degli indiani persiste nella mente americana, e O'Brien studia come gli indiani resistessero a questa cancellazione attraverso la loro stessa narrazione. Nel suo studio O'Brien rivela la ricca e sorprendente storia del dibattito sulla razza e i diritti dei popoli indigeni, che continua a influenzare i discorsi moderni. basa su oltre seicento storie locali, censimenti, monumenti, concorsi storici e commemorazioni, per illustrare come il concetto di estinzione degli indiani sia stato introdotto alla coscienza collettiva.
Ausführliche Beschreibung des Plot: Firsting and Longing Writing Indians out of Existence in New England Indigenous Americas ist ein Buch, das die Entwicklung der Technologie und ihre Auswirkungen auf das Überleben der Menschheit, insbesondere im Kontext von New England im 19. Jahrhundert, untersucht. Der Autor, Gene M. O'Brien, argumentiert, dass lokale Geschichten, die von antiken und öffentlichen Führern in Massachusetts, Connecticut und Rhode Island geschrieben wurden, als Mittel dienten, um die europäische amerikanische Moderne zu etablieren, indem sie sie für die amerikanischen Ureinwohner verleugneten. Diese Geschichten trugen nicht nur zum Mythos des Verschwindens der Indianer bei, sondern stärkten auch die rassische Reinheit und die Idee, dass Indianer nicht mehr „wahre Indianer“ sind, wenn sie sich an das moderne ben anpassen. Das Buch untersucht, wie diese zwischen 1820 und 1880 geschriebenen lokalen Geschichten das Verständnis der indianischen Völker und ihren Platz in der Gesellschaft geprägt haben. Trotz der ständigen Präsenz der Indianer glaubten lokale Historiker und ihre ser, dass sie aufgrund ihrer angeblichen Rassenunreinheit und ihrer Fähigkeit, sich an das moderne ben anzupassen, verschwunden waren. Dieser Mythos des Verschwindens der Indianer wurde hartnäckig im amerikanischen Bewusstsein aufrechterhalten, und O'Brien untersucht, wie die Indianer dieser Auslöschung durch ihre eigenen Erzählungen widerstanden haben. In seiner Studie enthüllt O'Brien eine reiche und überraschende Geschichte der Debatte über Rasse und Rechte indigener Völker, die die zeitgenössischen Diskurse weiterhin beeinflusst. Es stützt sich auf mehr als sechshundert lokale Geschichten, Volkszählungen, Denkmäler, historische Wettbewerbe und Gedenkfeiern, um zu veranschaulichen, wie das Konzept des Aussterbens der Indianer in das kollektive Bewusstsein eingeflößt wurde.
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Olay örgüsünün uzun ve detaylı açıklaması: New England Yerli Amerikalarında İlk Yazma ve Kızılderilileri Yazma New England Yerli Amerikalarında Varoluş Dışında, özellikle 19. yüzyılda New England bağlamında, teknolojinin evrimini ve insanın hayatta kalması üzerindeki etkisini inceleyen bir kitaptır. Yazar Gene M. O'Brien, Massachusetts, Connecticut ve Rhode Island'daki antikacı ve topluluk liderleri tarafından yazılan yerel hikayelerin, Yerli Amerikalılara inkar ederek, Avrupa Amerikan modernitesini doğrulamak için bir araç olarak hizmet ettiğini savunuyor. Bu hesaplar sadece Kızılderililerin ortadan kaybolması efsanesine katkıda bulunmakla kalmadı, aynı zamanda ırksal saflığı ve Kızılderililerin modern yaşama adapte olmaları durumunda artık "gerçek Kızılderililer" olmadığı fikrini pekiştirdi. Kitap, 1820 ve 1880 yılları arasında yazılan bu yerel hikayelerin, Kızılderili halklarının anlayışını ve toplumdaki yerlerini nasıl şekillendirdiğini araştırıyor. Hintlilerin sürekli varlığına rağmen, yerel tarihçiler ve okuyucuları, iddia edilen ırksal kirlilikleri ve modern yaşama uyum sağlama yetenekleri nedeniyle ortadan kaybolduklarına inanıyorlardı. Bu Kızılderili yok oluşu efsanesi, Amerikan bilincinde inatla devam etti ve O'Brien, Kızılderililerin bu silinmeye kendi anlatılarıyla nasıl direndiğini araştırıyor. Araştırmasında O'Brien, çağdaş söylemleri etkilemeye devam eden ırk ve yerli hakları hakkındaki tartışmaların zengin ve şaşırtıcı bir tarihini ortaya koyuyor. Hint neslinin tükenmesi kavramının kolektif bilinçte nasıl aşılandığını göstermek için altı yüzden fazla yerel tarih, nüfus sayımı, anıt, tarihi yarışma ve anma törenlerinden yararlanıyor.
وصف مفصل طويل للحبكة: الهنود الذين يكتبون عن وجودهم في نيو إنجلاند والأمريكتين الأصليين هو كتاب يتعمق في تطور التكنولوجيا وتأثيرها على بقاء الإنسان، خاصة في سياق نيو إنجلاند خلال القرن التاسع عشر. يجادل المؤلف، جين إم أوبراين، بأن القصص المحلية التي كتبها قادة الأثريين والمجتمع في ماساتشوستس وكونيتيكت ورود آيلاند كانت وسيلة لتأكيد الحداثة الأوروبية الأمريكية، وحرمان الأمريكيين الأصليين منها. لم تسهم هذه الروايات في أسطورة اختفاء الهنود فحسب، بل عززت أيضًا النقاء العرقي وفكرة أن الهنود لم يعودوا «هنود حقًا» إذا تكيفوا مع الحياة الحديثة. يستكشف الكتاب كيف شكلت هذه القصص المحلية، التي كتبت بين عامي 1820 و 1880، فهم الشعوب الأمريكية الأصلية ومكانتها في المجتمع. على الرغم من الوجود المستمر للهنود، اعتقد المؤرخون المحليون وقرائهم أنهم اختفوا بسبب شوائب عنصرية مزعومة وقدرتهم على التكيف مع الحياة الحديثة. استمرت أسطورة الانقراض الهندي هذه بعناد في الوعي الأمريكي، ويستكشف أوبراين كيف قاوم الهنود هذا المحو من خلال رواياتهم الخاصة. يكشف أوبراين في بحثه عن تاريخ غني ومدهش من المناقشات حول العرق وحقوق السكان الأصليين التي لا تزال تؤثر على الخطابات المعاصرة. وهي تعتمد على أكثر من ستمائة تاريخ محلي وتعدادات وآثار ومسابقات تاريخية وإحياء لتوضيح كيف تم غرس فكرة الانقراض الهندي في الوعي الجماعي.

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