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The Moral Economy: Why Good Incentives Are No Substitute for Good Citizens (Castle Lecture Series) - Samuel Bowles May 24, 2016 PDF  BOOKS
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The Moral Economy: Why Good Incentives Are No Substitute for Good Citizens (Castle Lecture Series)
Author: Samuel Bowles
Year: May 24, 2016
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 1.5 MB
Language: English



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The Moral Economy: Why Good Incentives Are No Substitute for Good Citizenship The Moral Economy: Why Good Incentives Are No Substitute for Good Citizenship, written by Samuel Bowles, presents a compelling argument against the conventional wisdom that economic policies and business practices should focus solely on self-interest and monetary rewards to motivate individuals. Instead, Bowles advocates for a more holistic approach that takes into account the ethical and generous aspects of human nature. He contends that policies based on the amoral Homo economicus model may actually backfire and undermine the common good, rather than achieving their intended goals. Bowles begins by challenging the assumption that people are primarily driven by self-interest and that incentives, such as fines and rewards, are the most effective way to motivate them. He argues that this perspective overlooks the importance of civic motives, such as a sense of duty, fairness, and community involvement, which are essential for good governance. He demonstrates how well-designed incentives can actually crowd out these civic motives, leading to unintended consequences and ultimately harming society.
The Moral Economy: Why Good Incentives Are No Replace for Good Citizenship The Moral Economy: Why Good Incentives Are No Replace for Good Citizenship, written by Samuel Bowles, представляет собой убедительный аргумент против общепринятого мнения, что экономическая политика и деловая практика должны быть сосредоточены исключительно на корыстных интересах и денежных вознаграждениях, чтобы мотивировать людей. Вместо этого Боулз выступает за более целостный подход, учитывающий этические и щедрые аспекты человеческой природы. Он утверждает, что политика, основанная на аморальной модели Homo economicus, может на самом деле иметь неприятные последствия и подорвать общее благо, а не достигать намеченных целей. Боулз начинает с того, что оспаривает предположение о том, что людьми движет в первую очередь корысть и что стимулы, такие как штрафы и вознаграждения, являются наиболее эффективным способом их мотивации. Он утверждает, что эта точка зрения упускает из виду важность гражданских мотивов, таких как чувство долга, справедливость и участие сообщества, которые необходимы для хорошего управления. Он демонстрирует, как хорошо продуманные стимулы могут на самом деле вытеснить эти гражданские мотивы, что приведет к непреднамеренным последствиям и в конечном итоге навредит обществу.
The Moral Economy : Why Good Incentives Are No Replace for Good Citizenship The Moral Economy : Why Good Incentives Are No Replace for Good Citizenship, writtby en Samsung uel Bowles, est un argument convaincant contre l'idée généralement acceptée que les politiques économiques et les pratiques commerciales doivent se concentrer uniquement sur les intérêts personnels et les récompenses monétaires pour motiver les gens. Au lieu de cela, Bowles préconise une approche plus holistique qui tienne compte des aspects éthiques et généreux de la nature humaine. Il affirme qu'une politique basée sur le modèle immoral de l'Homo economicus peut en fait avoir des conséquences désagréables et saper le bien commun plutôt que d'atteindre les objectifs fixés. Bowles commence par contester l'hypothèse que les gens sont motivés avant tout par l'intérêt personnel et que les incitations telles que les amendes et les récompenses sont le moyen le plus efficace de les motiver. Il affirme que ce point de vue ne tient pas compte de l'importance des motivations civiques, comme le sens du devoir, l'équité et la participation communautaire, qui sont essentielles à une bonne gouvernance. Il montre à quel point des incitations bien conçues peuvent en fait supplanter ces motivations civiques, avec des conséquences involontaires et, en fin de compte, nuire à la société.
The Moral Economy: Why Good Incentives Are No Replace for Good Citizenship The Moral Economy: Why Good Incentives Are No Replace for Good Cet itizenship, escrito por Samuel Bowles, representa un argumento convincente contra la opinión generalmente aceptada de que las políticas económicas y las prácticas empresariales deben centrarse exclusivamente en los intereses creados y las recompensas monetarias para motivar a la gente. En cambio, Bowles aboga por un enfoque más holístico que tenga en cuenta los aspectos éticos y generosos de la naturaleza humana. Sostiene que las políticas basadas en el modelo inmoral del Homo economicus pueden en realidad tener consecuencias desagradables y socavar el bien común en lugar de alcanzar los objetivos previstos. Bowles comienza desafiando la suposición de que la gente es impulsada principalmente por el interés propio y que los incentivos, como multas y recompensas, son la forma más efectiva de motivarlos. Sostiene que este punto de vista pasa por alto la importancia de los motivos cívicos, como el sentido del deber, la justicia y la participación de la comunidad, que son esenciales para el buen gobierno. Demuestra cómo los incentivos bien pensados pueden realmente suplantar estos motivos civiles, lo que producirá consecuencias no deseadas y, en última instancia, perjudicará a la sociedad.
The Moral Economy: Why Good Incentives Are No Replace for Good Citizenship The Moral Economy: Why Good Incentives Are No Replace for Good Citizenship, written by Samuel Bowles, is an Replace for Good Citizenship ein überzeugendes Argument gegen die gängige Meinung, dass Wirtschaftspolitik und Geschäftspraktiken sich ausschließlich auf Eigeninteressen und monetäre Belohnungen konzentrieren sollten, um Menschen zu motivieren. Stattdessen plädiert Bowles für einen ganzheitlicheren Ansatz, der die ethischen und großzügigen Aspekte der menschlichen Natur berücksichtigt. Er argumentiert, dass eine Politik, die auf dem unmoralischen Modell des Homo economicus basiert, tatsächlich unangenehme Konsequenzen haben und das Gemeinwohl untergraben kann, anstatt die beabsichtigten Ziele zu erreichen. Bowles bestreitet zunächst die Annahme, dass die Menschen in erster Linie von Eigeninteresse getrieben werden und dass Anreize wie Strafen und Belohnungen der effektivste Weg sind, sie zu motivieren. Er argumentiert, dass diese chtweise die Bedeutung ziviler Motive wie Pflichtbewusstsein, Gerechtigkeit und Gemeinschaftsbeteiligung übersieht, die für eine gute Regierungsführung unerlässlich sind. Es zeigt, wie gut durchdachte Anreize diese zivilen Motive tatsächlich verdrängen können, was zu unbeabsichtigten Konsequenzen führt und letztendlich der Gesellschaft schadet.
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Ahlaki Ekonomi: İyi Teşvikler Neden İyi Vatandaşlığın Yerini Alamaz? Samuel Bowles tarafından yazılan Ahlaki Ekonomi: İyi Teşvikler Neden İyi Vatandaşlığın Yerini Alamaz?, ekonomi politikasının ve iş uygulamalarının insanları motive etmek için yalnızca kişisel çıkarlara ve parasal ödüllere odaklanması gerektiği yönündeki geleneksel bilgeliğe karşı zorlayıcı bir argümandır. Bunun yerine Bowles, insan doğasının etik ve cömert yönlerini dikkate alan daha bütünsel bir yaklaşımı savunuyor. Ahlaksız Homo economicus modeline dayanan politikaların aslında geri tepebileceğini ve amaçlanan hedeflerine ulaşmak yerine ortak iyiliği baltalayabileceğini savunuyor. Bowles, insanların öncelikle kendi çıkarları tarafından yönlendirildiği ve para cezaları ve ödüller gibi teşviklerin onları motive etmenin en etkili yolu olduğu varsayımına meydan okuyarak başlar. Bu görüşün, iyi yönetişim için gerekli olan görev duygusu, adalet ve toplum katılımı gibi sivil motivasyonların önemini göz ardı ettiğini savunuyor. İyi tasarlanmış teşviklerin aslında bu sivil motiflerin yerini alabileceğini, istenmeyen sonuçlara yol açabileceğini ve sonuçta topluma zarar verebileceğini göstermektedir.
الاقتصاد الأخلاقي: لماذا لا تحل الحوافز الجيدة محل المواطنة الصالحة الاقتصاد الأخلاقي: لماذا لا تحل الحوافز الجيدة محل المواطنة الصالحة، كتبها صموئيل بولز، هي حجة مقنعة ضد الحكمة التقليدية القائلة بأن السياسة الاقتصادية والممارسة التجارية يجب أن تركز فقط على المصلحة الذاتية والنقدية مكافآت لتحفيز الناس. بدلاً من ذلك، يدعو بولز إلى نهج أكثر شمولاً يأخذ في الاعتبار الجوانب الأخلاقية والسخية للطبيعة البشرية. يجادل بأن السياسات القائمة على نموذج Homo economicus غير الأخلاقي يمكن أن تأتي بنتائج عكسية وتقوض الصالح العام بدلاً من تحقيق أهدافها المقصودة. يبدأ Bowles بتحدي الافتراض القائل بأن الناس مدفوعون بشكل أساسي بالمصلحة الذاتية وأن الحوافز مثل الغرامات والمكافآت هي الطريقة الأكثر فعالية لتحفيزهم. يجادل بأن هذا الرأي يتجاهل أهمية الدوافع المدنية، مثل الشعور بالواجب والعدالة والمشاركة المجتمعية، والتي تعتبر ضرورية للحكم الرشيد. إنه يوضح كيف يمكن للحوافز المصممة جيدًا أن تحل محل هذه الدوافع المدنية، مما يؤدي إلى عواقب غير مقصودة ويضر بالمجتمع في النهاية.

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