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Mismeasure of Woman: Why Women Are Not the Better Sex, the Inferior Sex, or the Opposite Sex - Carol Tavris March 27, 1992 PDF  BOOKS
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Mismeasure of Woman: Why Women Are Not the Better Sex, the Inferior Sex, or the Opposite Sex
Author: Carol Tavris
Year: March 27, 1992
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 2.9 MB
Language: English



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The book "Mismeasure of Woman" by Carol Tavris is an insightful exploration of the ways in which society has historically viewed and treated men and women differently, with men being seen as the norm and women as the deviant or abnormal. The author argues that this perspective has led to significant disparities in power, resources, and life experiences between the sexes, perpetuating gender inequality. Through a comprehensive examination of the social sciences, medicine, law, and history, Tavris reveals how the notion of "male" has been used as the standard against which women are measured, often to their detriment. She challenges readers to reconsider their assumptions about gender and to recognize the diversity and complexity of human experience. One of the key themes of the book is the idea that women have been systematically excluded from positions of power and influence, leading to a lack of representation in fields such as science, politics, and law. This has resulted in a narrow and biased view of what it means to be human, one that is centered on male experiences and perspectives. Tavris also delves into the ways in which gender roles and expectations have evolved over time, highlighting how societal norms and cultural beliefs have shaped our understanding of gender and its relationship to power, identity, and behavior.
Книга «Неправильное измерение женщины» Кэрол Таврис является проницательным исследованием того, как общество исторически рассматривало и рассматривало мужчин и женщин по-разному, причем мужчины рассматривались как норма, а женщины как девиант или ненормальный. Автор утверждает, что эта перспектива привела к значительным различиям в власти, ресурсах и жизненном опыте между полами, увековечивая гендерное неравенство. Посредством всестороннего изучения социальных наук, медицины, права и истории Таврис показывает, как понятие «мужчина» использовалось в качестве стандарта, с которым сравниваются женщины, часто в ущерб им. Она призывает читателей пересмотреть свои предположения о поле и признать разнообразие и сложность человеческого опыта. Одной из ключевых тем книги является идея о том, что женщины систематически исключаются из позиций власти и влияния, что приводит к отсутствию представительства в таких областях, как наука, политика и право. Это привело к узкому и предвзятому взгляду на то, что значит быть человеком, который сосредоточен на мужском опыте и перспективах. Таврис также углубляется в то, как гендерные роли и ожидания развивались с течением времени, подчеркивая, как социальные нормы и культурные убеждения сформировали наше понимание пола и его отношения к власти, идентичности и поведению.
livre « La mauvaise dimension de la femme » Carol Tawris est une étude perspicace de la façon dont la société a historiquement considéré et considéré les hommes et les femmes de différentes façons, les hommes étant considérés comme normaux et les femmes comme déviants ou anormaux. L'auteur affirme que cette perspective a entraîné d'importantes différences de pouvoir, de ressources et d'expérience de vie entre les sexes, perpétuant les inégalités entre les sexes. Par une étude approfondie des sciences sociales, de la médecine, du droit et de l'histoire, Tawris montre comment la notion d'homme a été utilisée comme norme à laquelle les femmes sont comparées, souvent au détriment de l'im.Elle encourage les lecteurs à revoir leurs hypothèses sur le champ et à reconnaître la diversité et la complexité de l'expérience humaine. L'un des thèmes clés du livre est l'idée que les femmes sont systématiquement exclues des postes de pouvoir et d'influence, ce qui entraîne un manque de représentation dans des domaines tels que la science, la politique et le droit. Cela a conduit à une vision étroite et biaisée de ce que signifie être une personne qui se concentre sur l'expérience et les perspectives masculines. Tawris approfondit également la façon dont les rôles et les attentes de genre ont évolué au fil du temps, soulignant comment les normes sociales et les croyances culturelles ont façonné notre compréhension du genre et de son rapport au pouvoir, à l'identité et au comportement.
libro «La dimensión incorrecta de la mujer» de Carol Tauris es una investigación perspicaz sobre cómo la sociedad ha visto y visto históricamente a hombres y mujeres de diferentes maneras, con hombres vistos como norma y mujeres como desviados o anormales. La autora sostiene que esta perspectiva ha dado lugar a grandes diferencias de poder, recursos y experiencias de vida entre los sexos, perpetuando la desigualdad de género. A través de un estudio exhaustivo de las ciencias sociales, la medicina, el derecho y la historia, Tauris muestra cómo el concepto de «hombre» se ha utilizado como un estándar con el que se compara a las mujeres, a menudo en detrimento de Ym. Anima a los lectores a reconsiderar sus suposiciones sobre el campo y reconocer la diversidad y complejidad de la experiencia humana. Uno de los temas clave del libro es la idea de que las mujeres son sistemáticamente excluidas de las posiciones de poder e influencia, lo que lleva a una falta de representación en áreas como la ciencia, la política y el derecho. Esto llevó a una visión estrecha y sesgada de lo que significa ser una persona que se centra en las experiencias y perspectivas masculinas. Tauris también profundiza en cómo los roles y expectativas de género han evolucionado a lo largo del tiempo, destacando cómo las normas sociales y las creencias culturales han moldeado nuestra comprensión del género y su relación con el poder, la identidad y el comportamiento.
Il libro «La dimensione sbagliata della donna» di Carol Tavris è un'indagine intelligente su come la società ha storicamente considerato e trattato gli uomini e le donne in modi diversi, con gli uomini considerati normali e le donne come devianti o anormali. L'autore sostiene che questa prospettiva ha portato a notevoli differenze di potere, risorse e esperienze di vita tra i sessi, perpetuando la disuguaglianza di genere. Attraverso uno studio approfondito delle scienze sociali, della medicina, del diritto e della storia, Tavris dimostra come il concetto dì maschio "sia stato usato come standard con cui le donne vengono confrontate, spesso a scapito dell'Imm. Uno dei temi chiave del libro è l'idea che le donne siano sistematicamente escluse dalle posizioni di potere e influenza, con conseguente mancanza di rappresentanza in settori come la scienza, la politica e il diritto. Questo ha portato ad uno sguardo stretto e pregiudiziale su ciò che significa essere una persona concentrata sull'esperienza maschile e le prospettive. Tavris approfondisce anche il modo in cui i ruoli e le aspettative di genere si sono evoluti nel corso del tempo, sottolineando come le norme sociali e le convinzioni culturali abbiano formato la nostra comprensione del sesso e il suo rapporto con il potere, l'identità e il comportamento.
Das Buch „Die falsche Dimension der Frau“ von Carol Tavris ist eine aufschlussreiche Studie darüber, wie die Gesellschaft Männer und Frauen historisch betrachtet und unterschiedlich behandelt hat, wobei Männer als Norm und Frauen als Abweichler oder Abnormalität angesehen wurden. Der Autor argumentiert, dass diese Perspektive zu erheblichen Unterschieden in Macht, Ressourcen und benserfahrungen zwischen den Geschlechtern geführt hat und die Ungleichheit der Geschlechter aufrechterhält. Durch ein umfassendes Studium der Sozialwissenschaften, Medizin, Recht und Geschichte zeigt Tauris, wie der Begriff „Mann“ als Standard verwendet wurde, mit dem Frauen verglichen werden, oft zu ihrem Nachteil. e fordert die ser auf, ihre Annahmen über das Geschlecht zu überdenken und die Vielfalt und Komplexität der menschlichen Erfahrung zu erkennen. Eines der Hauptthemen des Buches ist die Idee, dass Frauen systematisch von Macht- und Einflusspositionen ausgeschlossen werden, was zu einem Mangel an Repräsentation in Bereichen wie Wissenschaft, Politik und Recht führt. Dies führte zu einem engen und voreingenommenen Blick darauf, was es bedeutet, eine Person zu sein, die sich auf männliche Erfahrungen und Perspektiven konzentriert. Tauris geht auch darauf ein, wie sich Geschlechterrollen und -erwartungen im Laufe der Zeit entwickelt haben, und betont, wie soziale Normen und kulturelle Überzeugungen unser Verständnis von Geschlecht und seiner Beziehung zu Macht, Identität und Verhalten geprägt haben.
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Carol Tavris'in Kadının Yanlış Boyutu, toplumun erkekleri ve kadınları tarihsel olarak nasıl farklı gördüğü ve nasıl davrandığı, erkeklerin norm ve kadınların sapkın veya anormal olarak görüldüğü anlayışlı bir çalışmadır. Yazar, bu bakış açısının cinsiyetler arasındaki güç, kaynak ve yaşam deneyimlerinde önemli farklılıklara yol açtığını ve cinsiyet eşitsizliğini sürdürdüğünü savunuyor. Sosyal bilimler, tıp, hukuk ve tarih üzerine kapsamlı bir çalışma yapan Tavris, "erkek" kavramının, kadınların karşılaştırıldığı, genellikle onların zararına bir standart olarak nasıl kullanıldığını gösteriyor. Okuyucuları cinsiyet hakkındaki varsayımlarını yeniden gözden geçirmeye ve insan deneyiminin çeşitliliğini ve karmaşıklığını kabul etmeye çağırıyor. Kitabın ana temalarından biri, kadınların sistematik olarak güç ve etki konumlarından dışlandığı ve bilim, siyaset ve hukuk gibi alanlarda temsil eksikliğine yol açtığı fikridir. Bu, erkek deneyimine ve bakış açısına odaklanan bir kişi olmanın ne anlama geldiğine dair dar ve önyargılı bir görüşe yol açmıştır. Tavris ayrıca, toplumsal cinsiyet rollerinin ve beklentilerinin zaman içinde nasıl geliştiğini, sosyal normların ve kültürel inançların cinsiyet anlayışımızı ve onun güç, kimlik ve davranışla ilişkisini nasıl şekillendirdiğini vurgulamaktadır.
البعد الخاطئ للمرأة من تأليف كارول تافريس هي دراسة ثاقبة لكيفية نظر المجتمع تاريخياً إلى الرجال والنساء ومعاملتهم بشكل مختلف، حيث يُنظر إلى الرجال على أنهم القاعدة والنساء على أنهم منحرفون أو غير طبيعيين. ويقول المؤلف إن هذا المنظور أدى إلى اختلافات كبيرة في السلطة والموارد والتجارب الحياتية بين الجنسين، مما أدى إلى استمرار عدم المساواة بين الجنسين. من خلال دراسة شاملة للعلوم الاجتماعية والطب والقانون والتاريخ، يوضح تافريس كيف تم استخدام مفهوم «الرجل» كمعيار تقارن به النساء، غالبًا على حسابهن. وتحث القراء على إعادة النظر في افتراضاتهم حول الجنس والاعتراف بتنوع وتعقيد التجربة الإنسانية. أحد الموضوعات الرئيسية للكتاب هو فكرة استبعاد المرأة بشكل منهجي من مناصب السلطة والنفوذ، مما يؤدي إلى نقص التمثيل في مجالات مثل العلم والسياسة والقانون. وقد أدى ذلك إلى رؤية ضيقة ومتحيزة لما يعنيه أن تكون شخصًا يركز على خبرة الذكور ومنظورهم. يتعمق تافريس أيضًا في كيفية تطور أدوار وتوقعات الجنسين بمرور الوقت، ويسلط الضوء على كيفية تشكيل الأعراف الاجتماعية والمعتقدات الثقافية لفهمنا للجنس وعلاقته بالسلطة والهوية والسلوك.

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