BOOKS - China's Christian Colleges: Cross-Cultural Connections, 1900-1950
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China's Christian Colleges: Cross-Cultural Connections, 1900-1950
Author: Daniel Bays
Year: February 27, 2009
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 6.5 MB
Language: English



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China's Christian Colleges Cross-Cultural Connections 1900-1950 The book "China's Christian Colleges Cross-Cultural Connections 1900-1950" delves into the intricate and complex relationships that existed on the campuses of Protestant Christian colleges in China during the early 20th century. These institutions, supported mostly by American donors and with a distinctly American character, served as melting pots of cultural exchange between East and West. The thirteen essays within the book offer a comprehensive exploration of the cross-cultural dynamics that flourished on these campuses, highlighting the unique blend of cultures that emerged from the collaboration between Westerners and Chinese individuals. The book focuses on the two-way cultural influences that shaped the educational experience of both foreigners and locals, rather than solely emphasizing missionary efforts or religious conversion. This approach allows for a more nuanced understanding of the significance of these institutions beyond their religious context. The authors examine how the colleges served as incubators of mutual cultural interaction, fostering a degree of cultural hybridity that is still evident today, more than half a century after the colleges were taken over by the state. The book begins with an introduction to the historical context of the colleges, established primarily by American missionaries in the early 20th century. The authors delve into the reasons behind the establishment of these institutions, including the need for modern education and the desire to spread Christianity.
Китайские христианские колледжи Кросс-культурные связи 1900-1950 Книга «Китайские христианские колледжи Кросс-культурные связи 1900-1950» углубляется в сложные и сложные отношения, которые существовали в кампусах протестантских христианских колледжей в Китае в начале 20-го века. Эти учреждения, поддерживаемые в основном американскими донорами и имеющие явно американский характер, служили тающими горшками культурного обмена между Востоком и Западом. Тринадцать эссе в книге предлагают всестороннее исследование межкультурной динамики, которая процветала в этих кампусах, подчеркивая уникальное сочетание культур, возникшее в результате сотрудничества между западными и китайскими людьми. Книга сосредоточена на двусторонних культурных влияниях, которые сформировали образовательный опыт как иностранцев, так и местных жителей, а не только на миссионерских усилиях или религиозном обращении. Такой подход позволяет более тонко понимать значение этих институтов вне их религиозного контекста. Авторы изучают, как колледжи служили инкубаторами взаимного культурного взаимодействия, способствуя степени культурной гибридности, которая все еще очевидна сегодня, более чем через полвека после того, как колледжи были переданы государству. Книга начинается с введения в исторический контекст колледжей, созданных преимущественно американскими миссионерами в начале XX века. Авторы углубляются в причины создания этих учреждений, включая необходимость современного образования и стремление к распространению христианства.
Collèges chrétiens chinois Liens culturels croisés 1900-1950 livre « Collèges chrétiens chinois Liens culturels croisés 1900-1950 » approfondit les relations complexes et complexes qui existaient sur les campus des collèges chrétiens protestants en Chine au début du 20ème siècle. Ces institutions, soutenues principalement par des donateurs américains et de nature clairement américaine, servaient de pots d'échange culturel entre l'Est et l'Ouest. Treize essais dans le livre offrent une étude complète des dynamiques interculturelles qui ont prospéré sur ces campus, soulignant le mélange unique de cultures résultant de la coopération entre les Occidentaux et les Chinois. livre se concentre sur les influences culturelles bilatérales qui ont façonné l'expérience éducative des étrangers et des résidents locaux, et pas seulement sur les efforts missionnaires ou la conversion religieuse. Cette approche permet de mieux comprendre le sens de ces institutions en dehors de leur contexte religieux. s auteurs étudient comment les collèges ont servi d'incubateurs d'interactions culturelles mutuelles, contribuant au degré d'hybridité culturelle qui est encore évident aujourd'hui, plus d'un demi-siècle après que les collèges ont été transférés à l'État. livre commence par une introduction dans le contexte historique des collèges créés principalement par des missionnaires américains au début du XXe siècle. s auteurs examinent les raisons de la création de ces institutions, y compris la nécessité d'une éducation moderne et la volonté de propager le christianisme.
Colegios Cristianos Chinos Conexiones Culturales Cruzadas 1900-1950 libro «Colegios Cristianos Chinos Lazos Culturales Cruzados 1900-1950» profundiza en la compleja y compleja relación que existía en los campus de los colegios cristianos protestantes en China a principios del siglo XX. Estas instituciones, apoyadas en su mayoría por donantes estadounidenses y con un carácter claramente estadounidense, sirvieron como ollas de fusión del intercambio cultural entre Oriente y Occidente. trece ensayos del libro ofrecen un estudio exhaustivo de las dinámicas interculturales que han prosperado en estos campus, destacando la mezcla única de culturas surgidas de la cooperación entre occidentales y chinos. libro se centra en las influencias culturales bilaterales que han formado la experiencia educativa tanto de los extranjeros como de los locales, y no solo en el esfuerzo misionero o la conversión religiosa. Este enfoque permite comprender más sutilmente el significado de estas instituciones fuera de su contexto religioso. autores estudian cómo los colegios sirvieron de incubadoras de interacciones culturales mutuas, promoviendo un grado de hibridación cultural que sigue siendo evidente en la actualidad, más de medio siglo después de que los colegios fueran transferidos al Estado. libro comienza con una introducción al contexto histórico de los colegios creados por misioneros predominantemente estadounidenses a principios del siglo XX. autores profundizan en las razones de la creación de estas instituciones, incluyendo la necesidad de una educación moderna y el deseo de difundir el cristianismo.
As faculdades cristãs chinesas Relações Culturais Cruzadas 1900-1950 Livro «As faculdades cristãs chinesas Cruzes-Culturais 1900-1950» aprofundou-se em relações complexas e complexas que existiam nos campus das faculdades cristãs protestantes na China no início do século 20. Estas instituições, apoiadas principalmente por doadores americanos e claramente americanas, serviram como potes de intercâmbio cultural entre o Oriente e o Ocidente. Treze ensaios no livro oferecem uma pesquisa completa sobre a dinâmica intercultural que floresceu nesses campus, enfatizando a combinação única de culturas resultante da cooperação entre ocidentais e chineses. O livro se concentra em influências culturais bilaterais que formaram a experiência educacional de estrangeiros e moradores, e não apenas no esforço missionário ou no tratamento religioso. Esta abordagem permite uma compreensão mais sutil do significado dessas instituições fora do seu contexto religioso. Os autores estudam como as faculdades serviram como incubadoras de interação cultural mútua, contribuindo para o grau de hibrididade cultural que ainda é evidente hoje, mais de meio século depois que as faculdades foram transferidas para o Estado. O livro começa com a introdução no contexto histórico das faculdades criadas principalmente por missionários americanos no início do século XX. Os autores estão se aprofundando sobre as razões para a criação dessas instituições, incluindo a necessidade de educação moderna e a busca pela propagação do cristianismo.
Cinese College Cristiani gami Cross-Culturali 1900-1950 Il libro «College Cristiani Cinesi gami Cross-Culturali 1900-1950» approfondisce le relazioni complesse e complesse che esistevano nei campus dei college cristiani protestanti in Cina all'inizio del 20esimo secolo. Queste istituzioni, sostenute per lo più da donatori americani e chiaramente di natura americana, hanno servito come vasi di scambio culturale tra Oriente e Occidente. I tredici saggi del libro offrono una ricerca completa sulle dinamiche interculturali che hanno fiorito in questi campus, sottolineando l'unica combinazione di culture derivante dalla collaborazione tra gli occidentali e i cinesi. Il libro si concentra sulle influenze culturali bilaterali che hanno creato esperienze educative sia straniere che locali, non solo sugli sforzi missionari o sul trattamento religioso. Questo approccio permette di comprendere meglio il significato di queste istituzioni al di fuori del loro contesto religioso. Gli autori studiano come i college abbiano servito come incubatori di interazione culturale reciproca, promuovendo il grado di ibridità culturale che è ancora evidente oggi, oltre mezzo secolo dopo che i college sono stati trasferiti allo Stato. Il libro inizia con l'introduzione nel contesto storico dei college, creati principalmente da missionari americani all'inizio del XX secolo. Gli autori stanno approfondendo le ragioni della creazione di queste istituzioni, tra cui la necessità di un'educazione moderna e la ricerca della diffusione del cristianesimo.
Chinese Christian Colleges Cross-Cultural Connections 1900-1950 Das Buch Chinese Christian Colleges Cross-Cultural Connections 1900-1950 geht auf die komplexen und komplexen Beziehungen ein, die zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts auf den Campus protestantischer christlicher Hochschulen in China bestanden. Diese Institutionen, die hauptsächlich von amerikanischen Spendern unterstützt werden und einen eindeutig amerikanischen Charakter haben, dienten als Schmelztiegel des kulturellen Austauschs zwischen Ost und West. Die dreizehn Essays im Buch bieten eine umfassende Untersuchung der interkulturellen Dynamik, die auf diesen Campus blühte, und betonen die einzigartige Mischung von Kulturen, die aus der Zusammenarbeit zwischen westlichen und chinesischen Menschen entstanden sind. Das Buch konzentriert sich auf bilaterale kulturelle Einflüsse, die die Bildungserfahrung von Ausländern und Einheimischen gleichermaßen geprägt haben, und nicht nur auf missionarische Bemühungen oder religiöse Bekehrung. Dieser Ansatz ermöglicht ein differenzierteres Verständnis der Bedeutung dieser Institutionen außerhalb ihres religiösen Kontextes. Die Autoren untersuchen, wie Colleges als Inkubatoren für gegenseitige kulturelle Interaktion dienten und zu einem Grad kultureller Hybridität beitrugen, der heute, mehr als ein halbes Jahrhundert nach der Übergabe der Colleges an den Staat, immer noch offensichtlich ist. Das Buch beginnt mit einer Einführung in den historischen Kontext der Hochschulen, die zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts von überwiegend amerikanischen Missionaren gegründet wurden. Die Autoren vertiefen sich in die Gründe für die Gründung dieser Institutionen, einschließlich der Notwendigkeit einer modernen Bildung und des Strebens nach der Verbreitung des Christentums.
Cross Christian Colleges Cross-Cultural Ties 1900-1950 הספר ”Cross-Colleges Cross-Cultural Ties 1900-1950” מתעמק ביחסים המורכבים והמורכבים שהיו קיימים בקמפוסים של המכללות הנוצריות הפרוטסטנטיות בסין בתחילת המאה ה-20. מוסדות אלו, שנתמכו בעיקר על ידי תורמים אמריקאים ובעלי אופי אמריקאי מובהק, שימשו כסירי היתוך של חילופי תרבות בין מזרח למערב. שלושה עשר החיבורים בספר מציעים מחקר מקיף של הדינמיקה הצולבת-תרבותית ששגשגה בקמפוסים אלה, ומדגישים את התמהיל הייחודי של תרבויות שנבע משיתוף הפעולה בין המערביים לבין העם הסיני. הספר מתמקד בהשפעות תרבותיות דו ־ צדדיות שעיצבו את חוויותיהם החינוכיות של זרים ומקומיים כאחד, ולא רק מאמצים מיסיונריים או המרת דת. גישה זו מאפשרת הבנה מעודנת יותר של המשמעות של מוסדות אלה מחוץ להקשר הדתי שלהם. המחברים בוחנים כיצד המכללות שימשו אינקובטורים לאינטראקציה תרבותית הדדית ותרמו למידה של הכלאה תרבותית שעדיין ניכרת כיום, יותר מחצי מאה לאחר שהמדינה השתלטה על המכללות. הספר מתחיל בהקדמה להקשר ההיסטורי של המכללות שנוצרו בעיקר על ידי מיסיונרים אמריקאים בתחילת המאה ה-20. המחברים מתעמקים בסיבות להקמתם של מוסדות אלה, לרבות הצורך בחינוך מודרני והרצון להתפשטות המשיחיות.''
Çin Hristiyan Kolejleri Kültürlerarası Bağları 1900-1950 "Çin Hristiyan Kolejleri Kültürlerarası Bağları 1900-1950'adlı kitap, 20. yüzyılın başlarında Çin'deki Protestan Hristiyan kolejlerinin kampüslerinde var olan karmaşık ve karmaşık ilişkileri araştırıyor. Esas olarak Amerikan bağışçıları tarafından desteklenen ve belirgin bir Amerikan karakterine sahip olan bu kurumlar, Doğu ve Batı arasındaki kültürel alışverişin eritme kapları olarak hizmet etti. Kitaptaki on üç makale, bu kampüslerde gelişen kültürler arası dinamiklerin kapsamlı bir incelemesini sunarak, Batılılar ve Çin halkı arasındaki işbirliğinden ortaya çıkan eşsiz kültür karışımını vurgulamaktadır. Kitap, sadece misyonerlik çabaları veya dini dönüşüm değil, hem yabancıların hem de yerlilerin eğitim deneyimlerini şekillendiren ikili kültürel etkilere odaklanmaktadır. Bu yaklaşım, bu kurumların dini bağlamları dışındaki anlamlarının daha ayrıntılı bir şekilde anlaşılmasını sağlar. Yazarlar, kolejlerin karşılıklı kültürel etkileşim için kuluçka makineleri olarak nasıl hizmet ettiklerini inceleyerek, kolejlerin devlet tarafından devralınmasından yarım yüzyıldan fazla bir süre sonra, bugün hala belirgin olan bir kültürel melezlik derecesine katkıda bulunuyorlar. Kitap, 20. yüzyılın başında Amerikalı misyonerler tarafından yaratılan kolejlerin tarihsel bağlamına bir giriş ile başlıyor. Yazarlar, modern eğitim ihtiyacı ve Hıristiyanlığın yayılması arzusu da dahil olmak üzere bu kurumların yaratılmasının nedenlerini araştırıyorlar.
الكليات المسيحية الصينية العلاقات بين الثقافات 1900-1950 يتعمق كتاب «الكليات المسيحية الصينية عبر الثقافات» 1900-1950 في العلاقات المعقدة والمعقدة التي كانت موجودة في حرم الكليات المسيحية البروتستانتية في الصين في أوائل القرن العشرين. كانت هذه المؤسسات، المدعومة بشكل أساسي من قبل المانحين الأمريكيين وذات الطابع الأمريكي المميز، بمثابة أواني ذوبان التبادل الثقافي بين الشرق والغرب. تقدم المقالات الثلاثة عشر في الكتاب استكشافًا شاملاً للديناميكيات عبر الثقافية التي ازدهرت في هذه الجامعات، مما يسلط الضوء على المزيج الفريد من الثقافات التي انبثقت عن التعاون بين الغربيين والشعب الصيني. يركز الكتاب على التأثيرات الثقافية الثنائية التي شكلت التجارب التعليمية لكل من الأجانب والسكان المحليين، وليس فقط الجهود التبشيرية أو التحول الديني. يسمح هذا النهج بفهم أكثر دقة لمعنى هذه المؤسسات خارج سياقها الديني. يدرس المؤلفون كيف عملت الكليات كحاضنات للتفاعل الثقافي المتبادل، مما ساهم في درجة من التهجين الثقافي الذي لا يزال واضحًا حتى اليوم، بعد أكثر من نصف قرن من استيلاء الدولة على الكليات. يبدأ الكتاب بمقدمة للسياق التاريخي للكليات التي أنشأها المبشرون الأمريكيون بشكل أساسي في بداية القرن العشرين. يتعمق المؤلفون في أسباب إنشاء هذه المؤسسات، بما في ذلك الحاجة إلى التعليم الحديث والرغبة في انتشار المسيحية.
중국 기독교 대학 교차 문화 동점 1900-1950 "중국 기독교 대학 교차 문화 동점 1900-1950" 책은 20 세기 초 중국의 개신교 기독교 대학 캠퍼스에 존재했던 복잡하고 복잡한 관계를 탐구합니다. 이 기관들은 주로 미국 기부자들의 지원을 받고 뚜렷한 미국 성격을 지니고 있으며 동서양의 문화 교류의 녹는 냄비 역할을했습니다. 이 책의 13 개 에세이는이 캠퍼스에서 번성했던 문화 간 역학에 대한 포괄적 인 탐구를 제공하며 서양인과 중국인 간의 협력에서 나온 독특한 문화의 혼합을 강조합니다. 이 책은 선교 사업이나 종교 개종뿐만 아니라 외국인과 지역 주민 모두의 교육 경험을 형성 한 양자 문화적 영향에 중점을 둡니다. 이 접근법은 종교적 맥락 밖에서 이러한 제도의 의미를보다 미묘하게 이해할 수있게한다. 저자들은 대학들이 어떻게 상호 문화적 상호 작용을위한 인큐베이터 역할을했는지 조사하여 오늘날에도 여전히 명백한 문화적 혼성에 기여하고 있습니다. 이 책은 20 세기 초 미국 선교사들이 주로 만든 대학의 역사적 맥락에 대한 소개로 시작됩니다. 저자들은 현대 교육의 필요성과 기독교의 확산에 대한 욕구를 포함하여 이러한 제도를 창설 한 이유를 조사합니다.
中國基督教學院跨文化聯系1900-1950《中國基督教學院跨文化聯系1900-1950》一書深入探討了20世紀初中國新教基督教學院校園中存在的復雜而復雜的關系。這些機構主要由美國捐助者支持,具有明顯的美國特色,是東西方之間文化交流的熔爐。該書中的13篇論文全面研究了這些校園中蓬勃發展的跨文化動態,強調了西方和中國人民之間合作帶來的獨特文化融合。該書著重於雙邊文化影響,這些影響塑造了外國人和當地人的教育經驗,而不僅僅是傳教工作或宗教信仰。這種做法使人們能夠更好地理解這些機構在其宗教背景之外的重要性。作者研究了大學如何充當相互文化互動的孵化器,從而促進了當今仍然顯而易見的文化混合程度,在大學移交給州立大學半個多世紀之後。這本書首先介紹了主要由美國傳教士在20世紀初建立的大學的歷史背景。作者深入探討了建立這些機構的原因,包括現代教育的必要性和對基督教傳播的渴望。

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