BOOKS - Russia's Virtual Economy
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Russia's Virtual Economy
Author: Clifford G. Gaddy
Year: July 31, 2002
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 4.0 KB
Language: English



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In this groundbreaking book, Clifford Gaddy and Barry Ickes challenge the conventional wisdom that Russia's economy is based on illusion or pretense about nearly every important economic yardstick, including prices, sales, wages, and budgets. Instead, they offer a coherent framework for understanding how and why so much of Russia's economy has resisted reform. Drawing on new empirical material from published and unpublished sources, as well as their own extensive field work in Russia, the authors examine critical aspects of the virtual manufacturing enterprises, households, and the public sectors both local and federal. For the first time, they integrate the financial and agricultural sectors into their model, providing a comprehensive view of the Russian economy. The authors argue that the virtual economy concept provides a more accurate picture of the Russian economy than traditional market-oriented reforms, which have failed to address the underlying structural issues plaguing the country.
В этой новаторской книге Клиффорд Гэдди и Барри Икес бросают вызов общепринятому мнению, что экономика России основана на иллюзиях или притворствах в отношении почти всех важных экономических показателей, включая цены, продажи, заработную плату и бюджеты. Вместо этого они предлагают согласованную основу для понимания того, как и почему так много российской экономики сопротивляется реформам. Опираясь на новые эмпирические материалы из опубликованных и неопубликованных источников, а также на собственную обширную полевую работу в России, авторы рассматривают критические аспекты виртуальных производственных предприятий, домохозяйств и государственного сектора, как местного, так и федерального. Они впервые интегрируют в свою модель финансовый и аграрный секторы, обеспечивая комплексный взгляд на российскую экономику. Авторы утверждают, что концепция виртуальной экономики дает более точную картину российской экономики, чем традиционные рыночные реформы, которые не смогли решить основные структурные проблемы, от которых страдает страна.
Dans ce livre novateur, Clifford Gaddy et Barry Ikes contestent l'idée généralement acceptée que l'économie russe est basée sur des illusions ou des prétentions concernant presque tous les indicateurs économiques importants, y compris les prix, les ventes, les salaires et les budgets. Au lieu de cela, ils offrent un cadre cohérent pour comprendre comment et pourquoi tant d'économies russes résistent aux réformes. S'appuyant sur de nouveaux documents empiriques de sources publiées et non publiées, ainsi que sur leurs propres travaux sur le terrain en Russie, les auteurs examinent les aspects critiques des entreprises de production virtuelle, des ménages et du secteur public, à la fois local et fédéral. Pour la première fois, ils intègrent les secteurs financier et agricole dans leur modèle, offrant une vision intégrée de l'économie russe. s auteurs affirment que le concept d'économie virtuelle donne une image plus précise de l'économie russe que les réformes traditionnelles du marché, qui n'ont pas réussi à résoudre les principaux problèmes structurels dont souffre le pays.
En este libro pionero, Clifford Gaddy y Barry Ikes desafían la creencia generalmente aceptada de que la economía rusa se basa en ilusiones o pretensiones sobre casi todos los indicadores económicos importantes, incluyendo precios, ventas, salarios y presupuestos. En cambio, ofrecen una base coherente para entender cómo y por qué tanta economía rusa se resiste a las reformas. Basándose en nuevos materiales empíricos de fuentes publicadas e inéditas, así como en su propio extenso trabajo de campo en Rusia, los autores abordan aspectos críticos de las empresas productivas virtuales, los hogares y el sector público, tanto local como federal. Es la primera vez que integran en su modelo los sectores financiero y agrario, aportando una visión integral de la economía rusa. autores sostienen que el concepto de economía virtual ofrece una imagen más precisa de la economía rusa que las reformas tradicionales de mercado, que no han sido capaces de resolver los principales problemas estructurales que sufre el país.
In diesem bahnbrechenden Buch stellen Clifford Gaddy und Barry Ickes die allgemein akzeptierte Ansicht in Frage, dass die russische Wirtschaft auf Illusionen oder Täuschungen in Bezug auf fast alle wichtigen Wirtschaftsindikatoren, einschließlich Preise, Verkäufe, Löhne und Budgets, beruht. Stattdessen bieten sie einen kohärenten Rahmen, um zu verstehen, wie und warum sich so viele russische Volkswirtschaften gegen Reformen wehren. Gestützt auf neues empirisches Material aus veröffentlichten und unveröffentlichten Quellen sowie auf die eigene umfangreiche Feldarbeit in Russland untersuchen die Autoren kritische Aspekte virtueller Produktionsbetriebe, Haushalte und des öffentlichen Sektors, sowohl lokal als auch föderal. Zum ersten Mal integrieren sie den Finanz- und Agrarsektor in ihr Modell und bieten einen umfassenden Blick auf die russische Wirtschaft. Die Autoren argumentieren, dass das Konzept der virtuellen Wirtschaft ein genaueres Bild der russischen Wirtschaft liefert als die traditionellen Marktreformen, die die wichtigsten strukturellen Probleme, unter denen das Land leidet, nicht lösen konnten.
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Bu çığır açan kitapta, Clifford Gaddy ve Barry Ickes, Rus ekonomisinin fiyatlar, satışlar, ücretler ve bütçeler de dahil olmak üzere neredeyse tüm önemli ekonomik göstergeler hakkındaki yanılsamalara veya iddialara dayandığı yönündeki geleneksel bilgeliğe meydan okuyor. Bunun yerine, Rus ekonomisinin çoğunun reforma nasıl ve neden direndiğini anlamak için tutarlı bir çerçeve sunuyorlar. Yayınlanmış ve yayınlanmamış kaynaklardan elde edilen yeni ampirik kanıtların yanı sıra Rusya'daki kendi kapsamlı saha çalışmalarından yararlanan yazarlar, hem yerel hem de federal olan sanal üretim tesislerinin, hanelerin ve kamu sektörünün kritik yönlerini ele almaktadır. İlk kez, finans ve tarım sektörlerini modellerine entegre ederek Rus ekonomisinin kapsamlı bir görünümünü sağlıyorlar. Yazarlar, sanal ekonomi kavramının, Rus ekonomisinin, ülkeyi rahatsız eden büyük yapısal sorunları çözemeyen geleneksel piyasa reformlarından daha doğru bir resmini sağladığını savunuyorlar.
في هذا الكتاب الرائد، يتحدى كليفورد جادي وباري إيكس الحكمة التقليدية القائلة بأن الاقتصاد الروسي يعتمد على الأوهام أو الادعاءات حول جميع المؤشرات الاقتصادية المهمة تقريبًا، بما في ذلك الأسعار والمبيعات والأجور والميزانيات. بدلاً من ذلك، يقدمون إطارًا متماسكًا لفهم كيف ولماذا يقاوم الكثير من الاقتصاد الروسي الإصلاح. بالاعتماد على أدلة تجريبية جديدة من مصادر منشورة وغير منشورة، بالإضافة إلى عملهم الميداني المكثف في روسيا، يتناول المؤلفون الجوانب الحاسمة لمصانع التصنيع الافتراضية والأسر والقطاع العام، المحلي والفيدرالي. لأول مرة، يدمجون القطاعين المالي والزراعي في نموذجهم، مما يوفر نظرة شاملة للاقتصاد الروسي. يجادل المؤلفون بأن مفهوم الاقتصاد الافتراضي يقدم صورة أكثر دقة للاقتصاد الروسي من إصلاحات السوق التقليدية، التي فشلت في معالجة المشاكل الهيكلية الرئيسية التي ابتليت بها البلاد.

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