BOOKS - The Merchants of Siberia: Trade in Early Modern Eurasia
The Merchants of Siberia: Trade in Early Modern Eurasia - Erika Monahan April 19, 2016 PDF  BOOKS
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The Merchants of Siberia: Trade in Early Modern Eurasia
Author: Erika Monahan
Year: April 19, 2016
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 12 MB
Language: English



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The Merchants of Siberia Trade in Early Modern Eurasia, written by Erika Monahan, offers a fresh perspective on the history of commerce in early modern Russia by reconstructing the trading world of Siberia and exploring the careers of three merchant families from different social ranks. These families, including the Filatovs, Shabans, and Noritsyns, played a crucial role in shaping the development of the region and the Russian state. Through their experiences, Monahan demonstrates that trade was a vital component of the Muscovite state's authority in the Siberian periphery, and that accommodation and instrumentality often trumped ideology. This reconsideration of Siberian trade challenges traditional views of Russia's isolation from the rest of Eurasia during this period, highlighting instead the vibrant seventeenth-century caravan trade and the interconnectedness of early modern economies. The book begins with an examination of the diverse backgrounds of the three merchant families, each with their own unique experiences and challenges in the rapidly changing political and economic landscape of Siberia. The Filatovs, who were among Russia's most illustrious merchant elite, exemplify the rise of a new merchant class in Siberia, while the Shabans, Muslim immigrants who mastered both local and long-distance trade, demonstrate the importance of religious and cultural diversity in the region. The Noritsyns, traders of more modest status, illustrate the emergence of a new type of entrepreneurship in the region. Monahan's study reveals that the Russian state recognized the benefits of commerce in Siberia, leading to increased state involvement in the region's economy.
The Merchants of beria Trade in Early Modern Eurasia, написанная Эрикой Монахан, предлагает свежий взгляд на историю коммерции в ранней современной России путем реконструкции торгового мира Сибири и изучения карьеры трех купеческих семей из разных социальных рангов. Эти семьи, в том числе Филатовы, Шабаны, Норицыны, сыграли важнейшую роль в формировании развития региона и Российского государства. Своим опытом Монахан демонстрирует, что торговля была жизненно важным компонентом авторитета московского государства на сибирской периферии, и что приспособление и инструментальность часто превосходили идеологию. Это переосмысление сибирской торговли ставит под сомнение традиционные взгляды на изоляцию России от остальной Евразии в этот период, подчеркивая вместо этого оживленную караванную торговлю семнадцатого века и взаимосвязанность ранних современных экономик. Книга начинается с изучения различных условий жизни трех купеческих семей, каждая из которых имеет свой уникальный опыт и проблемы в быстро меняющемся политическом и экономическом ландшафте Сибири. Филатовы, входившие в самую прославленную купеческую элиту России, являются примером возвышения нового купеческого сословия в Сибири, в то время как шабаны, иммигранты-мусульмане, освоившие как местную, так и дальнюю торговлю, демонстрируют важность религиозного и культурного разнообразия в регионе. Норицыны, торговцы более скромного статуса, иллюстрируют появление в регионе нового вида предпринимательства. Исследование Монахана показывает, что российское государство признало преимущества коммерции в Сибири, что привело к увеличению участия государства в экономике региона.
The Merchants of beria Trade in Early Modern Eurasia, écrit par Erica Monahan, offre un nouveau regard sur l'histoire du commerce dans la Russie moderne précoce en reconstruisant le monde commercial de la bérie et en étudiant la carrière de trois familles de marchands de différents rangs sociaux. Ces familles, y compris Philatov, Chabana, Noritsyn, ont joué un rôle essentiel dans le développement de la région et de l'État russe. Par son expérience, Monahan démontre que le commerce était une composante vitale de l'autorité de l'État de Moscou dans la périphérie sibérienne, et que l'adaptation et l'instrumentalité dépassaient souvent l'idéologie. Cette réinterprétation du commerce sibérien remet en question les conceptions traditionnelles de l'isolement de la Russie du reste de l'Eurasie au cours de cette période, soulignant plutôt le commerce animé de la caravane du XVIIe siècle et l'interdépendance des premières économies modernes. livre commence par une étude des différentes conditions de vie des trois familles marchandes, chacune ayant sa propre expérience et ses propres défis dans le paysage politique et économique en rapide évolution de la bérie. s Philatov, qui faisaient partie de l'élite marchande la plus célèbre de Russie, sont un exemple de l'émergence d'une nouvelle classe marchande en bérie, tandis que les Shabans, les immigrants musulmans qui ont appris le commerce local et lointain, montrent l'importance de la diversité religieuse et culturelle dans la région. s Noritsins, négociants de statut plus modeste, illustrent l'émergence d'un nouveau type d'entreprise dans la région. L'étude de Monahan montre que l'État russe a reconnu les avantages du commerce en bérie, ce qui a conduit à une participation accrue de l'État à l'économie de la région.
The Merchants of beria Trade in Early Modern Eurasia, escrito por Erika Monahan, ofrece una visión fresca de la historia del comercio en la Rusia moderna primitiva mediante la reconstrucción del mundo comercial de beria y el estudio de la carrera de tres familias mercantiles de diferentes rangos sociales. Estas familias, entre ellas Filatova, Shabana, Noritsyn, jugaron un papel crucial en la formación del desarrollo de la región y del Estado ruso. Con su experiencia, Monahan demuestra que el comercio era un componente vital de la autoridad del estado de Moscú en la periferia siberiana, y que el acomodo y la instrumentalidad a menudo superaban la ideología. Esta reinterpretación del comercio siberiano cuestiona las opiniones tradicionales sobre el aislamiento de Rusia del resto de Eurasia durante este período, destacando en cambio el animado comercio de caravanas del siglo XVII y la interconexión de las primeras economías modernas. libro comienza con un estudio de las diferentes condiciones de vida de las tres familias mercantiles, cada una de las cuales tiene su propia experiencia y desafíos únicos en el rápido cambio del panorama político y económico de beria. Filatov, que formaban parte de la élite mercantil más ilustre de Rusia, son un ejemplo del auge de la nueva clase comerciante en beria, mientras que los Shabanes, inmigrantes musulmanes que han dominado tanto el comercio local como el de larga distancia, demuestran la importancia de la diversidad religiosa y cultural en la región. Noritsyn, comerciantes de estatus más modesto, ilustran la aparición de un nuevo tipo de emprendimiento en la región. estudio de Monahan revela que el Estado ruso ha reconocido los beneficios del comercio en beria, lo que ha llevado a una mayor participación del Estado en la economía de la región.
The Merchants of beria Trade in Early Modern Eurasia, escrito por Erika Monahan, oferece uma visão recente da história comercial na Rússia moderna inicial, através da reconstrução do mundo comercial da béria e do estudo das carreiras de três famílias mercantes de diferentes classificações sociais. Estas famílias, incluindo Filatová, Shabana, Noritsyn, desempenharam um papel crucial na formação do desenvolvimento da região e do Estado russo. Com a experiência, Monahan demonstra que o comércio era um componente vital da autoridade do Estado de Moscou na periferia siberiana, e que a adaptação e a instrumentalidade muitas vezes superavam a ideologia. Esta reinterpretação do comércio siberiano coloca em xeque a visão tradicional de isolar a Rússia do resto da Eurásia durante este período, enfatizando, em vez disso, o comércio movimentado do século dezessete e a interligação entre as primeiras economias modernas. O livro começa com o estudo das diferentes condições de vida de três famílias mercadoras, cada uma com suas experiências e desafios exclusivos no panorama político e econômico da béria, em rápida mudança. Os filatovas, que pertencem à mais famosa elite mercante da Rússia, são um exemplo da ascensão de uma nova palavra mercante na béria, enquanto os shabans, imigrantes muçulmanos que aprenderam o comércio local e o comércio de longa distância, demonstram a importância da diversidade religiosa e cultural na região. Noritsyn, comerciantes de um status mais modesto, ilustram o surgimento de um novo tipo de empreendimento na região. O estudo de Monahan mostra que o estado russo reconheceu os benefícios comerciais na béria, o que levou a uma maior participação do governo na economia da região.
The Merchants of beria Trade in Early Modern Eurasia, scritto da Erika Monahan, offre una visione recente della storia commerciale nella Russia moderna, ricostruendo il mondo commerciale siberiano e esplorando la carriera di tre famiglie mercantili di diversi gradi sociali. Queste famiglie, tra cui Filatov, Shabana, Noritsyn, hanno svolto un ruolo fondamentale nella formazione dello sviluppo della regione e dello stato russo. Con la sua esperienza, Monahan dimostra che il commercio era un componente essenziale dell'autorità dello stato di Mosca nella periferia siberiana, e che l'adattamento e la strumentalizzazione spesso superavano l'ideologia. Questo ripensamento del commercio siberiano mette in discussione la visione tradizionale dell'isolamento della Russia dal resto dell'Eurasia in questo periodo, sottolineando invece l'animato commercio di carovane del diciassettesimo secolo e l'interconnessione tra le prime economie moderne. Il libro inizia esplorando le diverse condizioni di vita delle tre famiglie mercantili, ognuna con la sua esperienza e problemi unici nel panorama politico ed economico della beria in rapida evoluzione. I filatovi, che facevano parte dell'elite mercantile più celebre della Russia, sono un esempio dell'ascesa di un nuovo mercantile in beria, mentre gli Shaban, immigrati musulmani che hanno imparato sia il commercio locale che quello a lungo raggio, dimostrano l'importanza della diversità religiosa e culturale nella regione. I Noritsyn, commercianti di uno status più modesto, illustrano la nascita di un nuovo tipo di imprenditoria nella regione. Uno studio di Monahan mostra che lo stato russo ha riconosciuto i vantaggi del commercio in beria, che ha portato a una maggiore partecipazione dello stato all'economia della regione.
Die Händler von birien Handel in der frühen modernen Eurasia, geschrieben von Erika Monahan, bietet einen frischen Einblick in die Geschichte des Handels im frühen modernen Russland, indem sie die Handelswelt biriens rekonstruieren und die Karrieren von drei Kaufmannsfamilien aus verschiedenen sozialen Rängen untersuchen. Diese Familien, darunter Filatov, Shabany, Noritsyn, spielten eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Gestaltung der Entwicklung der Region und des russischen Staates. Mit seiner Erfahrung zeigt Monaghan, dass der Handel ein wichtiger Bestandteil der Autorität des Moskauer Staates in der sibirischen Peripherie war und dass Anpassung und Instrumentalität oft der Ideologie überlegen waren. Diese Neuinterpretation des sibirischen Handels stellt die traditionellen Ansichten über die Isolation Russlands vom Rest Eurasiens in dieser Zeit in Frage und betont stattdessen den lebhaften Karawanenhandel des 17. Jahrhunderts und die Vernetzung der frühen modernen Volkswirtschaften. Das Buch beginnt mit einer Untersuchung der verschiedenen bensbedingungen der drei Kaufmannsfamilien, von denen jede ihre eigenen einzigartigen Erfahrungen und Herausforderungen in der sich schnell verändernden politischen und wirtschaftlichen Landschaft biriens hat. Die Filatov, die zur berühmtesten Kaufmannselite Russlands gehörten, sind ein Beispiel für den Aufstieg der neuen Kaufmannsklasse in birien, während die Shabans, muslimische Einwanderer, die sowohl den lokalen als auch den fernen Handel beherrschten, die Bedeutung der religiösen und kulturellen Vielfalt in der Region demonstrieren. Die Noritsin, Händler mit bescheidenerem Status, veranschaulichen die Entstehung einer neuen Art von Unternehmertum in der Region. Monaghan's Studie zeigt, dass der russische Staat die Vorteile des Handels in birien erkannt hat, was zu einer erhöhten Beteiligung des Staates an der Wirtschaft der Region führte.
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Erica Monahan tarafından yazılan Erken Modern Avrasya'da Beria Ticaret Tüccarları, birya'nın ticaret dünyasını yeniden inşa ederek ve farklı sosyal saflardan üç tüccar ailesinin kariyerlerini keşfederek erken modern Rusya'daki ticaret tarihine yeni bir bakış açısı sunuyor. Filatovlar, Shabanlar, Noritsynler de dahil olmak üzere bu aileler, bölgenin ve Rus devletinin gelişimini şekillendirmede çok önemli bir rol oynadı. Tecrübesi sayesinde Monahan, ticaretin Moskova devletinin birya çevresi üzerindeki otoritesinin hayati bir bileşeni olduğunu ve konaklama ve araçsallığın çoğu zaman ideolojiyi aştığını göstermektedir. birya ticaretinin yeniden düşünülmesi, bu dönemde Avrasya'nın geri kalanından Rus izolasyonuna ilişkin geleneksel görüşleri sorgulamakta, bunun yerine 17. yüzyılın canlı kervan ticaretini ve erken modern ekonomilerin birbirine bağlılığını vurgulamaktadır. Kitap, her biri birya'nın hızla değişen siyasi ve ekonomik manzarasında kendine özgü deneyimleri ve zorlukları olan üç tüccar ailenin farklı yaşam koşullarını inceleyerek başlıyor. Rusya'nın en ünlü tüccar seçkinlerinin bir parçası olan Filatov'lar, birya'da yeni bir tüccar sınıfının yükselişini örneklendirirken, hem yerel hem de uzak ticarette ustalaşmış Müslüman göçmenler olan Shabans, bölgedeki dini ve kültürel çeşitliliğin önemini göstermektedir. Daha mütevazı statüye sahip tüccarlar olan Noritsyns, bölgede yeni bir girişimcilik türünün ortaya çıkışını göstermektedir. Monahan'ın araştırması, Rus devletinin birya'daki ticaretin faydalarını tanıdığını ve bunun da bölge ekonomisine devlet katılımının artmasına neden olduğunu gösteriyor.
يقدم تجار سيبيريا للتجارة في أوائل أوراسيا الحديثة، من تأليف إيريكا موناهان، منظورًا جديدًا لتاريخ التجارة في أوائل روسيا الحديثة من خلال إعادة بناء عالم التجارة في سيبيريا واستكشاف وظائف ثلاث عائلات تجارية من مختلف الرتب الاجتماعية. لعبت هذه العائلات، بما في ذلك Filatovs و Shabans و Noritsyns، دورًا حاسمًا في تشكيل تنمية المنطقة والدولة الروسية. من خلال تجربته، يوضح موناهان أن التجارة كانت مكونًا حيويًا لسلطة دولة موسكو على أطراف سيبيريا، وأن الاستيعاب والأدوات غالبًا ما تجاوزت الأيديولوجية. إن إعادة التفكير في التجارة السيبيرية هذه تثير تساؤلات حول الآراء التقليدية للعزلة الروسية عن بقية أوراسيا خلال هذه الفترة، وتؤكد بدلاً من ذلك على تجارة القوافل الحيوية في القرن السابع عشر والترابط بين الاقتصادات الحديثة المبكرة. يبدأ الكتاب بفحص الظروف المعيشية المختلفة لثلاث عائلات تجارية، لكل منها تجاربها وتحدياتها الفريدة في المشهد السياسي والاقتصادي المتغير بسرعة في سيبيريا. يجسد الفيلاتوف، وهم جزء من النخبة التجارية الأكثر شهرة في روسيا، صعود طبقة تجار جديدة في سيبيريا، في حين أن الشابانيين، المهاجرين المسلمين الذين أتقنوا التجارة المحلية والبعيدة، يظهرون أهمية التنوع الديني والثقافي في المنطقة. نوريتسينز، التجار الأكثر تواضعًا، يوضحون ظهور نوع جديد من تنظيم المشاريع في المنطقة. أظهر بحث موناهان أن الدولة الروسية أدركت فوائد التجارة في سيبيريا، مما أدى إلى زيادة مشاركة الدولة في اقتصاد المنطقة.

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