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Penang Chinese Commerce in the 19th Century: The Rise and Fall of the Big Five - Wong Yee Tuan October 20, 2015 PDF  BOOKS
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Penang Chinese Commerce in the 19th Century: The Rise and Fall of the Big Five
Author: Wong Yee Tuan
Year: October 20, 2015
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 17 MB
Language: English



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Penang Chinese Commerce in the 19th Century: The Rise and Fall of the Big Five The story of Penang, a small island state in Malaysia, is incomplete without the Big Five Hokkien families - the Khoo, Cheah, Yeoh, Lim, and Tan - who played a preponderant role in transforming it into a regional entrepot and business and financial base in the 19th century. This book examines the intricate web of transnational, hybrid, and fluid networks that linked Penang and its surrounding states, western Malay states, southwestern Siam, southern Burma, and the north and eastern coasts of Sumatra together, forming one economically unified geographical region with inextricable links to China and India. These intertwining networks allowed the Big Five to establish their dominance in all major enterprises, trade, shipping, cash crops, planting, tin mining, and opium revenue farms, which constituted the linchpin of Penang's and its region's economy.
Пинанг Китайская коммерция в XIX веке: взлет и падение «большой пятерки» История Пенанга, небольшого островного государства в Малайзии, неполна без семей Хоккиен из «большой пятерки» - Khoo, Cheah, Yeoh, Lim и Tan - которые сыграли преобладающую роль в превращении его в региональный энтрепот и деловую и финансовую базу в XIX веке. В этой книге рассматривается сложная сеть транснациональных, гибридных и текучих сетей, которые связывали Пинанг и окружающие его государства, западные малайские государства, юго-западный Сиам, южную Бирму, а также северное и восточное побережье Суматры вместе, образуя один экономически единый географический регион с неразрывными связями с Китаем и Индией. Эти переплетающиеся сети позволили Большой Пятерке установить свое господство на всех основных предприятиях, торговле, судоходстве, товарно-сырьевых культурах, посадках, добыче олова, а также на фермах, приносящих доход от опиума, которые составляли основу экономики Пинанга и его региона.
Pinang Commerce chinois au XIXe siècle : décollage et chute du « Big Five » L'histoire de Penang, un petit état insulaire en Malaisie, est incomplète sans les familles hokkien du « Big Five » - Khoo, Cheah, Yeoh, Bou et Tan - qui ont joué un rôle prépondérant dans sa transformation en une entreprise et une entreprise régionales la base financière au XIXe siècle. Ce livre examine un réseau complexe de réseaux transnationaux, hybrides et fluides qui reliaient Pinang et ses États voisins, les États malais occidentaux, le sud-ouest du am, le sud de la Birmanie, ainsi que les côtes nord et est de Sumatra ensemble, formant une seule région géographique économiquement unie avec des liens indissociables avec la Chine et l'Inde. Ces réseaux imbriqués ont permis au G5 d'établir sa domination dans toutes les grandes entreprises, le commerce, la navigation, les cultures de matières premières, les plantations, la production d'étain, ainsi que dans les exploitations productrices d'opium, qui constituaient la base de l'économie de Pinang et de sa région.
Pinang comercio chino en el siglo XIX: el ascenso y la caída del G-5 La historia de Penang, un pequeño estado insular en Malasia, es incompleta sin las familias Hockien del G-5 - Khoo, Cheah, Yeoh, Lima y Tan - que jugaron un papel predominante en convertirlo en el entrepot regional y la base empresarial y financiera en el siglo XIX. Este libro examina la compleja red de redes transnacionales, híbridas y fluidas que conectaban a Pinang y los estados circundantes, los estados malayos occidentales, el suroeste de am, el sur de Birmania, así como la costa norte y este de Sumatra juntos, formando una región geográfica económicamente unificada con vínculos indisolubles con China e India. Estas redes entrelazadas permitieron al G-5 establecer su dominio en todas las principales empresas, comercio, navegación, cultivos de materias primas, plantaciones, extracción de estaño, así como en las granjas generadoras de ingresos de opio que constituían la base de la economía de Pinang y su región.
Penang Chinesischer Handel im 19. Jahrhundert: Aufstieg und Fall der „Big Five“ Die Geschichte von Penang, einem kleinen Inselstaat in Malaysia, ist unvollständig ohne die Familien Hokkien der „Big Five“ - Khoo, Cheah, Yeoh, Lim und Tan -, die eine vorherrschende Rolle bei der Umwandlung in ein regionales Entrepot und geschäftlich und finanziell spielten Basis im 19. Jahrhundert. Dieses Buch untersucht das komplexe Netzwerk transnationaler, hybrider und fließender Netzwerke, die Penang und die umliegenden Staaten, die westlichen malaiischen Staaten, das südwestliche am, das südliche Burma sowie die Nord- und Ostküste Sumatras miteinander verbanden und eine wirtschaftlich einheitliche geografische Region mit untrennbaren Verbindungen zu China und Indien bildeten. Diese verflochtenen Netzwerke ermöglichten es den Big Five, ihre Vorherrschaft in allen wichtigen Unternehmen, Handel, Schifffahrt, Rohstoffkulturen, Pflanzungen, Zinnabbau sowie Opiumertragsfarmen zu etablieren, die das Rückgrat der Wirtschaft von Penang und seiner Region bildeten.
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19. Yüzyılda Pinang Çin Ticareti: Büyük Beş'in Yükselişi ve Düşüşü Malezya'daki küçük bir ada ülkesi olan Penang'ın hikayesi, Büyük Beş'in Hokkien aileleri olmadan tamamlanmamıştır. - Khoo, Cheah, Yeoh, Lim ve Tan - 19. yüzyılda bölgesel bir antrepoya ve bir iş ve finans üssüne dönüşmesinde baskın bir rol oynamıştır. Bu kitap, Pinang ve çevresindeki devletleri, batı Malay devletlerini, güneybatı am'ı, güney Burma'yı ve Sumatra'nın kuzey ve doğu kıyılarını birbirine bağlayan ve Çin ve Hindistan ile kırılmaz bağları olan ekonomik olarak birleşik bir coğrafi bölge oluşturan karmaşık ulusötesi, melez ve akışkan ağlar ağını incelemektedir. Bu iç içe geçmiş ağlar, Büyük Beşli'nin Pinang ve bölgesinin ekonomisinin omurgasını oluşturan tüm büyük işletmeler, ticaret, nakliye, nakit bitkileri, ekim, kalay madenciliği ve afyon gelirli çiftliklerde hakimiyetlerini kurmalarına izin verdi.
Pinang Chinese Commerce in the 19 Century: The Rise and Fall of the Big Five قصة بينانغ، وهي دولة جزرية صغيرة في ماليزيا، غير مكتملة بدون عائلات هوكين من الخمسة الكبار - Khoo و Cheah و Yeoh و Lim و Tan - الذين لعبوا دورًا مهيمنًا في تحويلها إلى مؤسسة إقليمية وقاعدة أعمال ومالية واحدة في القرن التاسع عشر. يبحث هذا الكتاب في الشبكة المعقدة من الشبكات عبر الوطنية والهجينة والسوائل التي ربطت بينانغ والولايات المحيطة بها، وولايات الملايو الغربية، وجنوب غرب سيام، وجنوب بورما، والسواحل الشمالية والشرقية لسومطرة معًا، مما شكل منطقة جغرافية موحدة اقتصاديًا واحدة مع علاقات غير قابلة للكسر مع الصين والهند. سمحت هذه الشبكات المتشابكة للخمسة الكبار بتأسيس هيمنتهم في جميع الأعمال التجارية الكبرى والتجارة والشحن والمحاصيل النقدية والزراعة وتعدين القصدير ومزارع دخل الأفيون التي شكلت العمود الفقري لاقتصاد بينانغ ومنطقتها.

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