BOOKS - MILITARY HISTORY - Medieval Castles of England and Wales
Medieval Castles of England and Wales -  2017 PDF Bernard Lowry BOOKS MILITARY HISTORY
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Medieval Castles of England and Wales
Year: 2017
Pages: 81
Format: PDF



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Medieval Castles of England and Wales: A Study in Technological Evolution and Human Survival Introduction The medieval period in England and Wales was marked by the construction of grand castles that served as symbols of power, prestige, and military might. These structures were built during a time of great social, political, and economic change, and they played a significant role in shaping the course of history. This book will explore the evolution of these castles, from their humble beginnings as simple wooden motte-and-bailey fortifications to the impressive stone keeps that dominate the landscape today. We will examine the technological advancements that made these structures possible, and how they influenced the development of modern knowledge and society. Chapter 1: The Early Castles In the early Middle Ages, castles were constructed primarily as defensive strongholds to protect against invading armies and raids. These wooden structures were often surrounded by moats and palisades, with a central keep housing the lord's family and retainers. As the threat of invasion subsided, castles began to serve as centers of administration and justice, reflecting the growing power of the king and the emergence of a more centralized government. Chapter 2: The Stone Castles As technology advanced, stone became the primary material for castle construction. The Normans introduced the use of stone in their castles, which allowed for greater height, thicker walls, and more elaborate architecture. The keep was often the tallest structure in the castle, serving as both a residence and a place of refuge during times of siege. The Great Keep at Windsor Castle is an example of this type of castle.
Средневековые замки Англии и Уэльса: Исследование технологической эволюции и выживания человека Введение Средневековый период в Англии и Уэльсе был отмечен строительством грандиозных замков, которые служили символами власти, престижа и военной мощи. Эти структуры были построены во времена больших социальных, политических и экономических изменений, и они сыграли значительную роль в формировании хода истории. Эта книга исследует эволюцию этих замков, от их скромного начала как простых деревянных укреплений motte-and-bailey до впечатляющих каменных хранилищ, которые доминируют в ландшафте сегодня. Мы рассмотрим технологические достижения, которые сделали эти структуры возможными, и как они повлияли на развитие современных знаний и общества. Глава 1: Ранние замки В раннем Средневековье замки строились в основном как оборонительные опорные пункты для защиты от вторжения армий и набегов. Эти деревянные конструкции часто были окружены рвами и частоколами, с центральным хранилищем, в котором размещалась семья лорда и держатели. Поскольку угроза вторжения спала, замки стали служить центрами администрации и правосудия, отражая растущую власть короля и появление более централизованного правительства. Глава 2: Каменные замки По мере развития технологий камень стал основным материалом для строительства замка. Норманны ввели использование камня в своих замках, что позволило добиться большей высоты, более толстых стен и более сложной архитектуры. Донжон часто был самым высоким сооружением в замке, служившим одновременно резиденцией и местом убежища во времена осады. Большой замок в Виндзорском замке является примером такого типа замка.
Castillos medievales de Inglaterra y Gales: Estudio de la evolución tecnológica y la supervivencia humana Introducción período medieval en Inglaterra y Gales estuvo marcado por la construcción de grandes castillos que sirvieron como símbolos de poder, prestigio y poder militar. Estas estructuras fueron construidas en tiempos de grandes cambios sociales, políticos y económicos, y desempeñaron un papel significativo en la formación del curso de la historia. Este libro explora la evolución de estos castillos, desde sus humildes inicios como simples fortificaciones de madera motte-and-bailey hasta las impresionantes bóvedas de piedra que hoy dominan el paisaje. Examinaremos los avances tecnológicos que han hecho posibles estas estructuras y cómo han influido en el desarrollo del conocimiento y la sociedad actuales. Capítulo 1: primeros castillos En la Edad Media, los castillos se construyeron principalmente como bastiones defensivos para defenderse de la invasión de ejércitos y incursiones. Estas estructuras de madera estaban a menudo rodeadas de fosos y frecuencias, con una bóveda central que albergaba a la familia del señor y a los titulares. A medida que la amenaza de invasión dormía, los castillos comenzaron a servir como centros de administración y justicia, reflejando el creciente poder del rey y el surgimiento de un gobierno más centralizado. Capítulo 2: Castillos de piedra A medida que la tecnología avanza, la piedra se ha convertido en el material principal para la construcción del castillo. normandos introdujeron el uso de la piedra en sus castillos, lo que permitió alcanzar una mayor altura, muros más gruesos y una arquitectura más compleja. Donjon fue a menudo la estructura más alta del castillo, sirviendo al mismo tiempo como residencia y lugar de refugio en tiempos de asedio. gran castillo del castillo de Windsor es un ejemplo de este tipo de castillo.
Castelli medievali dell'Inghilterra e del Galles: ricerca sull'evoluzione tecnologica e la sopravvivenza umana L'introduzione dell'era medievale in Inghilterra e Galles è stata caratterizzata dalla costruzione di grandi castelli che hanno rappresentato il potere, il prestigio e la potenza militare. Queste strutture sono state costruite in tempi di grandi cambiamenti sociali, politici ed economici, e hanno svolto un ruolo significativo nella formazione del corso della storia. Questo libro esplora l'evoluzione di questi castelli, dal loro modesto inizio come semplici fortificazioni in legno motte-and-bailey a spettacolari depositi in pietra che oggi dominano il paesaggio. Esamineremo i progressi tecnologici che hanno reso queste strutture possibili e come hanno influenzato lo sviluppo della conoscenza moderna e della società. Capitolo 1: I primi castelli Nel primo Medioevo i castelli erano costruiti principalmente come basi di difesa per proteggersi dall'invasione di eserciti e incursioni. Queste costruzioni in legno erano spesso circondate da strappi e particelle, con un deposito centrale che ospitava la famiglia di Lord e i titolari. Poiché la minaccia di un'invasione stava dormendo, i castelli sono diventati i centri dell'amministrazione e della giustizia, riflettendo il crescente potere del re e la nascita di un governo più centralizzato. Capitolo 2: Castelli in pietra Mentre la tecnologia si sviluppa, la pietra è diventata il materiale principale per la costruzione del castello. I Normanni hanno introdotto l'uso della pietra nei loro castelli, consentendo una maggiore altezza, pareti più spesse e un'architettura più complessa. Donjon era spesso la struttura più alta del castello, che fungeva da residenza e rifugio al tempo dell'assedio. Il grande castello del castello di Windsor è un esempio di questo tipo di castello.
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イングランドとウェールズの中世の城:技術進化と人間の生存の研究はじめにイングランドとウェールズの中世の時代は、権力、威信、軍事力の象徴として機能した壮大な城の建設によって特徴付けられました。これらの構造は、大きな社会的、政治的、経済的変化の時代に構築され、歴史の流れを形作る上で重要な役割を果たしました。この本は、シンプルな木製のモットとベイリーの要塞としての謙虚な始まりから、今日の風景を支配する壮大な石室まで、これらの城の進化を探求しています。これらの構造を可能にした技術の進歩と、それらが現代の知識と社会の発展にどのような影響を与えたかを見ていきます。第1章:初期の城中世初期には、主に侵略軍や襲撃に対して防御するための防御拠点として城が建設された。これらの木造建築物はしばしば堀と宮殿に囲まれており、中央には領主の家族や所有者が収容されていた。侵略の脅威が沈静化するにつれて、城は行政と司法の中心として機能し始め、王の力の増大とより中央集権的な政府の出現を反映していた。第2章石城技術が進歩するにつれて、石が城の建設の主要な材料となりました。ノルマン人は城に石を使用することを導入し、高さ、厚い壁、より複雑な建築を可能にした。ドンジョンは城の中でも最も高い建造物であり、包囲戦では住居としても避難所としても機能した。ウィンザー城の大きな城は、このタイプの城の例です。

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