BOOKS - The First European: A History of Alexander in the Age of Empire
The First European: A History of Alexander in the Age of Empire - Pierre Briant January 2, 2017 PDF  BOOKS
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The First European: A History of Alexander in the Age of Empire
Author: Pierre Briant
Year: January 2, 2017
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 125 MB
Language: English



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The First European: A History of Alexander in the Age of Empire Alexander the Great, a legendary figure in history, has been a subject of fascination for centuries. His remarkable achievements have inspired generations of thinkers, from the Enlightenment to contemporary times. In his book, "The First European Pierre Briant delves into the minds of eighteenth-century intellectuals and philosophers who sought to understand the significance of Alexander's empire-building. They viewed him as a model of a rational and benevolent leader who could provide valuable lessons for modern Europeans. In France, Scotland, England, and Germany, Alexander became a reference point for discourses on philosophy, history, political economy, and geography. Voltaire, Montesquieu, and Robertson were among the prominent thinkers who studied his legacy. They saw Alexander as a conqueror who had tamed tyrannical rulers in the Orient, bringing revitalization to stagnant lands. This perception of Alexander as a civilizing force was particularly relevant as Europe faced the formidable Ottoman Empire.
The First European: A History of Alexander in the Age of Empire Александр Македонский, легендарная фигура в истории, был предметом очарования на протяжении веков. Его замечательные достижения вдохновили поколения мыслителей, от эпохи Просвещения до современности. В своей книге «Первый европеец» Пьер Бриан углубляется в умы интеллектуалов и философов XVIII века, стремившихся понять значение построения империи Александра. Они рассматривали его как образец рационального и доброжелательного лидера, который мог бы дать ценные уроки современным европейцам. Во Франции, Шотландии, Англии и Германии Александр стал ориентиром для рассуждений о философии, истории, политической экономии и географии. Вольтер, Монтескьё и Робертсон были среди выдающихся мыслителей, изучавших его наследие. Они видели в Александре завоевателя, который приручил тиранических правителей на Востоке, принеся оживление в застойные земли. Такое восприятие Александра как цивилизующей силы было особенно актуально, когда Европа столкнулась с грозной Османской империей.
The First European : A History of Alexander in the Age of Empire Alexandre le Grand, figure légendaire de l'histoire, est un sujet de charme depuis des siècles. Ses réalisations remarquables ont inspiré des générations de penseurs, de l'ère des Lumières à la modernité. Dans son livre « premier Européen », Pierre Briand s'enfonce dans l'esprit des intellectuels et philosophes du XVIII siècle qui cherchaient à comprendre la signification de la construction de l'empire d'Alexandre. Ils le considéraient comme un modèle de dirigeant rationnel et bienveillant qui pourrait donner de précieuses leçons aux Européens d'aujourd'hui. En France, en Écosse, en Angleterre et en Allemagne, Alexandre est devenu une référence pour le raisonnement sur la philosophie, l'histoire, l'économie politique et la géographie. Voltaire, Montesquieu et Robertson étaient parmi les penseurs éminents qui étudiaient son héritage. Ils voyaient en Alexandre un conquérant qui apprivoisait les dirigeants tyranniques de l'Est, apportant la renaissance aux terres stagnantes. Cette perception d'Alexandre en tant que force civilisatrice était particulièrement pertinente lorsque l'Europe était confrontée au formidable Empire ottoman.
Primer Europeo: Una historia de Alejandro en la Edad del Imperio Alejandro Magno, una figura legendaria en la historia, ha sido objeto de encanto durante siglos. Sus notables logros inspiraron a generaciones de pensadores, desde la era de la Ilustración hasta la modernidad. En su libro «primer europeo», Pierre Briand profundiza en las mentes de intelectuales y filósofos del siglo XVIII que buscaban entender el significado de la construcción del imperio de Alejandro. Lo veían como un modelo de líder racional y benevolente que podía dar lecciones valiosas a los europeos modernos. En Francia, Escocia, Inglaterra y Alemania, Alejandro se convirtió en un referente para los discursos sobre filosofía, historia, economía política y geografía. Voltaire, Montesquieu y Robertson estuvieron entre los pensadores destacados que estudiaron su legado. Vieron a Alejandro como un conquistador que domaba a los gobernantes tiránicos en Oriente, trayendo revitalización a tierras estancadas. Esta percepción de Alejandro como una fuerza civilizadora fue especialmente relevante cuando se enfrentó al formidable Imperio otomano.
Der erste Europäer: Eine Geschichte Alexanders im Zeitalter des Imperiums Alexander der Große, eine legendäre Figur der Geschichte, ist seit Jahrhunderten ein faszinierendes Thema. Seine bemerkenswerten istungen haben Generationen von Denkern inspiriert, von der Aufklärung bis zur Gegenwart. In seinem Buch „Der erste Europäer“ taucht Pierre Briand in die Köpfe der Intellektuellen und Philosophen des 18. Jahrhunderts ein, die die Bedeutung des Aufbaus des Alexanderreiches zu verstehen suchten. e betrachteten es als Vorbild für einen rationalen und wohlwollenden Führer, der den modernen Europäern wertvolle ktionen erteilen könnte. In Frankreich, Schottland, England und Deutschland wurde Alexander zum Bezugspunkt für Diskussionen über Philosophie, Geschichte, politische Ökonomie und Geographie. Voltaire, Montesquieu und Robertson gehörten zu den herausragenden Denkern, die sein Erbe studierten. e sahen in Alexander einen Eroberer, der die tyrannischen Herrscher im Osten zähmte und in den stagnierenden Ländern Wiederbelebung brachte. Diese Wahrnehmung Alexanders als zivilisierende Kraft war besonders relevant, als mit einem gewaltigen Osmanischen Reich konfrontiert war.
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Birinci Avrupa: İmparatorluk Çağında İskender'in Tarihi Tarihte efsanevi bir figür olan Büyük İskender, yüzyıllardır hayranlık konusu olmuştur. Olağanüstü başarıları, Aydınlanma Çağı'ndan modern zamanlara kadar nesiller boyu düşünürlere ilham kaynağı olmuştur. Pierre Briand, The First European (İlk Avrupalı) adlı kitabında, İskender'in imparatorluğunu inşa etmenin önemini anlamaya çalışan 18. yüzyılın entelektüellerinin ve filozoflarının zihinlerine giriyor. Onu, modern Avrupalılar için değerli dersler sağlayabilecek rasyonel ve yardımsever bir lider modeli olarak gördüler. Fransa, İskoçya, İngiltere ve Almanya'da Alexander, felsefe, tarih, politik ekonomi ve coğrafya ile ilgili tartışmalar için bir referans noktası oldu. Voltaire, Montesquieu ve Robertson, mirasını inceleyen önde gelen düşünürlerdendi. İskender'i, Doğu'daki zalim yöneticileri evcilleştiren ve durgun topraklara canlanma getiren bir fatih olarak gördüler. İskender'in uygarlaştırıcı bir güç olarak algılanması, özellikle Avrupa'nın zorlu Osmanlı İmparatorluğu ile karşı karşıya kalmasıyla ilgiliydi.
كان أول أوروبي: تاريخ الإسكندر في عصر الإمبراطورية الإسكندر الأكبر، وهو شخصية أسطورية في التاريخ، موضوع افتتان لعدة قرون. ألهمت إنجازاته الرائعة أجيالًا من المفكرين، من عصر التنوير إلى العصر الحديث. في كتابه «الأوروبي الأول»، يتعمق بيير برياند في عقول المثقفين والفلاسفة في القرن الثامن عشر، الذين سعوا إلى فهم أهمية بناء إمبراطورية الإسكندر. لقد اعتبروه نموذجًا لقائد عقلاني وخير يمكنه تقديم دروس قيمة للأوروبيين المعاصرين. في فرنسا واسكتلندا وإنجلترا وألمانيا، أصبح الإسكندر نقطة مرجعية للمناقشات حول الفلسفة والتاريخ والاقتصاد السياسي والجغرافيا. كان فولتير ومونتسكيو وروبرتسون من بين المفكرين البارزين الذين درسوا إرثه. لقد رأوا الإسكندر فاتحًا قام بترويض الحكام المستبدين في الشرق، مما أدى إلى إحياء الأراضي الراكدة. كان هذا التصور للإسكندر كقوة حضارية وثيق الصلة بشكل خاص عندما واجهت أوروبا الإمبراطورية العثمانية الهائلة.

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