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Multi-Sourced Equivalent Norms in International Law (Studies in International Law) - Tomer Broude February 1, 2011 PDF  BOOKS
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Multi-Sourced Equivalent Norms in International Law (Studies in International Law)
Author: Tomer Broude
Year: February 1, 2011
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 4.1 MB
Language: English



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MultiSourced Equivalent Norms in International Law: A Study in Legal Context and Institutional Settings In recent decades, international law has undergone an impressive process of normative development, witnessing the establishment of far-reaching legal and regulatory regimes in crucial areas such as human rights, international trade, environmental protection, criminal law, and intellectual property. This trend has been accompanied by the consolidation of treaty norms into international custom and increased references to international law in domestic settings, resulting in an unprecedented level of normative density and intensity in international relations. However, this development has also led to the phenomenon of "fragmentation where conflicts of norms and authorities have arisen. The debate over fragmentation has primarily focused on conflicts between different norms and authorities, but this book takes a unique approach by examining instances of normative parallelism, where new treaty rules echo existing international customary norms, and regional arrangements reinforce undertakings that already exist at the global level. The concept of "multisourced equivalent norms" is developed, exploring the legal and political implications of this concept in various contexts across the full spectrum of international legal norms and institutions.
Эквивалентные нормы с несколькими источниками в международном праве: исследование правового контекста и институциональных условий В последние десятилетия международное право претерпело впечатляющий процесс нормативного развития, став свидетелем установления далеко идущих правовых и нормативных режимов в таких важных областях, как права человека, международная торговля, защита окружающей среды, уголовное право и интеллектуальная собственность. Эта тенденция сопровождается закреплением договорных норм в международном обычае и увеличением ссылок на международное право во внутренних условиях, что приводит к беспрецедентному уровню нормативной плотности и интенсивности в международных отношениях. Однако это развитие также привело к явлению «фрагментации», где возникли конфликты норм и властей. Дискуссия о фрагментации в первую очередь была сосредоточена на конфликтах между различными нормами и органами власти, но эта книга использует уникальный подход, рассматривая примеры нормативного параллелизма, когда новые договорные правила перекликаются с существующими международными обычными нормами, а региональные договоренности укрепляют обязательства, которые уже существуют на глобальном уровне. Разработана концепция многоотраслевых эквивалентных норм, в рамках которой изучаются правовые и политические последствия этой концепции в различных контекстах по всему спектру международных правовых норм и институтов.
Normes équivalentes à plusieurs sources en droit international : étude du contexte juridique et institutionnel Au cours des dernières décennies, le droit international a connu un processus impressionnant de développement normatif, ayant vu l'établissement de régimes juridiques et réglementaires de grande portée dans des domaines importants tels que les droits de l'homme, le commerce international, la protection de l'environnement, le droit pénal et la propriété intellectuelle. Cette tendance s'accompagne de l'ancrage des règles conventionnelles dans la coutume internationale et d'une référence accrue au droit international dans le contexte national, ce qui conduit à un niveau sans précédent de densité et d'intensité normatives dans les relations internationales. Mais ce développement a également conduit à un phénomène de « fragmentation », où des conflits de normes et d'autorités sont apparus. débat sur la fragmentation a surtout porté sur les conflits entre les différentes normes et autorités, mais ce livre adopte une approche unique en examinant des exemples de parallélisme normatif, lorsque les nouvelles règles conventionnelles font écho aux normes conventionnelles internationales existantes et que les arrangements régionaux renforcent les obligations qui existent déjà au niveau mondial. concept de normes équivalentes multisectorielles a été développé pour étudier les implications juridiques et politiques de ce concept dans différents contextes dans toute la gamme des normes et institutions juridiques internationales.
Normas equivalentes con múltiples fuentes en derecho internacional: estudio del contexto jurídico y las condiciones institucionales En los últimos decenios, el derecho internacional ha experimentado un impresionante proceso de desarrollo normativo, y ha sido testigo del establecimiento de regímenes jurídicos y normativos de gran alcance en esferas tan importantes como los derechos humanos, el comercio internacional, la protección del medio ambiente, el derecho penal y la propiedad intelectual. Esta tendencia va acompañada de la consolidación de las normas de los tratados en la costumbre internacional y del aumento de las referencias al derecho internacional en el ámbito interno, lo que da lugar a un nivel sin precedentes de densidad normativa e intensidad en las relaciones internacionales. n embargo, este desarrollo también ha provocado el fenómeno de la «fragmentación», donde han surgido conflictos de normas y autoridades. debate sobre la fragmentación se centró principalmente en los conflictos entre las diferentes normas y autoridades, pero el libro adopta un enfoque único al examinar ejemplos de paralelismo normativo en los que las nuevas normas convencionales se hacen eco de las normas consuetudinarias internacionales existentes y los acuerdos regionales refuerzan las obligaciones que ya existen a nivel mundial. Se ha desarrollado el concepto de normas equivalentes multisectoriales, en el que se examinan las consecuencias jurídicas y políticas del concepto en diferentes contextos en toda la gama de normas e instituciones jurídicas internacionales.
Gleichwertige Regelungen mit mehreren Quellen im Völkerrecht: Untersuchung des rechtlichen Kontextes und der institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen Das Völkerrecht hat in den letzten Jahrzehnten einen beeindruckenden Prozess der normativen Entwicklung durchlaufen und die Etablierung weitreichender rechtlicher und regulatorischer Regelungen in so wichtigen Bereichen wie Menschenrechte, internationaler Handel, Umweltschutz, Strafrecht und geistiges Eigentum erlebt. Dieser Trend geht einher mit einer Verankerung vertraglicher Normen im internationalen Brauch und einer Zunahme von Bezügen zum Völkerrecht im Inland, was zu einer beispiellosen normativen Dichte und Intensität in den internationalen Beziehungen führt. Diese Entwicklung hat aber auch zu einem Phänomen der „Fragmentierung“ geführt, wo Norm- und Behördenkonflikte entstanden sind. Die Diskussion über die Fragmentierung konzentrierte sich in erster Linie auf Konflikte zwischen verschiedenen Normen und Behörden, aber dieses Buch verfolgt einen einzigartigen Ansatz, indem es Beispiele für normative Parallelität untersucht, bei denen neue Vertragsregeln bestehende internationale konventionelle Normen widerspiegeln und regionale Vereinbarungen die bereits bestehenden Verpflichtungen auf globaler Ebene stärken. Es wurde ein Konzept branchenübergreifender äquivalenter Normen entwickelt, in dem die rechtlichen und politischen Implikationen dieses Konzepts in verschiedenen Kontexten im gesamten Spektrum internationaler Rechtsnormen und Institutionen untersucht werden.
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Uluslararası hukukta birden fazla kaynağa sahip eşdeğer kurallar: yasal bağlam ve kurumsal koşulların incelenmesi Son yıllarda, uluslararası hukuk, insan hakları, uluslararası ticaret, çevre koruma, ceza hukuku ve fikri mülkiyet gibi önemli alanlarda geniş kapsamlı yasal ve düzenleyici rejimlerin kurulmasına tanıklık eden etkileyici bir normatif gelişim sürecinden geçmiştir. Bu eğilime, uluslararası teamüllerde antlaşma normlarının pekiştirilmesi ve iç koşullarda uluslararası hukuka yapılan atıfların artması eşlik etmekte ve bu da uluslararası ilişkilerde benzeri görülmemiş bir normatif yoğunluk ve yoğunluğa yol açmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, bu gelişme aynı zamanda norm ve otorite çatışmalarının ortaya çıktığı "parçalanma" olgusuna da yol açtı. Parçalanma tartışması öncelikle farklı normlar ve otoriteler arasındaki çatışmalara odaklandı, ancak bu kitap, yeni anlaşma kurallarının mevcut uluslararası geleneksel normları yansıttığı ve bölgesel düzenlemelerin zaten mevcut olan taahhütleri güçlendirdiği normatif paralellik örneklerine bakarak benzersiz bir yaklaşım benimsiyor. Bu kavramın uluslararası hukuk normları ve kurumları yelpazesinde çeşitli bağlamlarda yasal ve politik etkilerini inceleyen çok sektörlü eşdeğer kurallar kavramı geliştirilmiştir.
القواعد المكافئة ذات المصادر المتعددة في القانون الدولي: دراسة السياق القانوني والظروف المؤسسية في العقود الأخيرة، شهد القانون الدولي عملية رائعة من التطوير المعياري، حيث شهد إنشاء نظم قانونية وتنظيمية بعيدة المدى في مجالات هامة مثل حقوق الإنسان والتجارة الدولية وحماية البيئة والقانون الجنائي والملكية الفكرية. ويصاحب هذا الاتجاه توطيد قواعد المعاهدات في العرف الدولي وزيادة الإشارات إلى القانون الدولي في الظروف المحلية، مما يؤدي إلى مستوى غير مسبوق من الكثافة والشدة المعيارية في العلاقات الدولية. غير أن هذا التطور أدى أيضا إلى ظاهرة «التجزؤ» حيث نشأ تضارب في القواعد والسلطات. ركزت المناقشة حول التجزؤ في المقام الأول على التضارب بين المعايير والسلطات المختلفة، لكن هذا الكتاب يتبع نهجًا فريدًا، حيث يبحث في أمثلة التوازي المعياري، حيث تعكس قواعد المعاهدات الجديدة المعايير العرفية الدولية القائمة والترتيبات الإقليمية تعزز الالتزامات الموجودة بالفعل على المستوى العالمي. وقد وُضع مفهوم القواعد المكافئة المتعددة القطاعات، الذي يبحث الآثار القانونية والسياسية لهذا المفهوم في مختلف السياقات عبر طائفة القواعد والمؤسسات القانونية الدولية.

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