BOOKS - The Economic Government of the World
The Economic Government of the World - Martin Daunton May 11, 2023 PDF  BOOKS
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The Economic Government of the World
Author: Martin Daunton
Year: May 11, 2023
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 38 MB
Language: English



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Long detailed description of the plot: The Economic Government of the World is an epic history of money, trade, and development since 1933. In 1933, Keynes reflected on the crisis of the Great Depression, stating that "it is not intelligent, it is not beautiful, it is not just, and it does not deliver the goods. " When we wonder what to put in its place, we are extremely perplexed. We are now in a similar state of perplexity, wondering how to respond to the economic problems of the world. Martin Daunton examines the changing balance over ninety years between economic nationalism and globalization, explaining why one economic order breaks down and how another one is built. In 193, the World Monetary and Economic Conference brought together the nations of the world, but the trade and currency warfare led to economic nationalism and a turn away from globalization, culminating in war. During the Second World War, a new economic order emerged, the embedded liberalism of Bretton Woods, the International Monetary Fund, and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, and the post-war General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade.
Подробное описание сюжета: Экономическое правительство мира - это эпическая история денег, торговли и развития с 1933 года. В 1933 году Кейнс размышлял о кризисе Великой депрессии, заявив, что "это не разумно, это не красиво, это не просто, и это не доставляет товары. "Когда мы задаемся вопросом, что поставить на его место, мы крайне недоумеваем. Мы сейчас находимся в подобном состоянии недоумения, задаемся вопросом, как реагировать на экономические проблемы мира. Мартин Даунтон исследует меняющийся за девяносто лет баланс между экономическим национализмом и глобализацией, объясняя, почему разрушается один экономический порядок и как строится другой. В 193 году Всемирная валютно-экономическая конференция объединила нации мира, но торговая и валютная война привели к экономическому национализму и развороту от глобализации, завершившемуся войной. Во время Второй мировой войны возник новый экономический порядок, заложенный либерализм Бреттон-Вудса, Международного валютного фонда и Международного банка реконструкции и развития, а также послевоенное Генеральное соглашение по тарифам и торговле.
Description détaillée de l'histoire : gouvernement économique du monde est une histoire épique d'argent, de commerce et de développement depuis 1933. En 1933, Keynes réfléchit à la crise de la Grande Dépression, déclarant que "ce n'est pas raisonnable, ce n'est pas beau, ce n'est pas simple, et cela ne livre pas de marchandises. "Quand on se demande quoi mettre à sa place, on est extrêmement perplexe. Nous sommes dans un tel état de confusion, nous nous demandons comment répondre aux problèmes économiques du monde. Martin Downton explore l'équilibre entre nationalisme économique et mondialisation en quatre-vingt-dix ans, expliquant pourquoi un ordre économique s'effondre et comment l'autre se construit. En 193, la Conférence économique et monétaire mondiale a rassemblé les nations du monde, mais la guerre commerciale et monétaire a conduit au nationalisme économique et à l'inversion de la mondialisation qui a abouti à la guerre. Au cours de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, un nouvel ordre économique est apparu, établi par le libéralisme de Bretton Woods, du Fonds monétaire international et de la Banque internationale pour la reconstruction et le développement, ainsi que par l'Accord général sur les tarifs douaniers et le commerce d'après-guerre.
Descripción detallada de la trama: gobierno económico del mundo es una historia épica de dinero, comercio y desarrollo desde 1933. En 1933, Keynes reflexionó sobre la crisis de la Gran Depresión, afirmando que "no es razonable, no es hermoso, no es sencillo, y no entrega mercancías. "Cuando nos preguntamos qué poner en su lugar, estamos extremadamente perplejos. Ahora estamos en un estado de perplejidad similar, preguntándonos cómo responder a los problemas económicos del mundo. Martin Downton explora el equilibrio cambiante en noventa entre el nacionalismo económico y la globalización, explicando por qué se destruye un orden económico y cómo se construye otro. En 193, la Conferencia Monetaria y Económica Mundial unió a las naciones del mundo, pero la guerra comercial y monetaria llevó a un nacionalismo económico y a un retroceso de la globalización que culminó en una guerra. Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial surgió un nuevo orden económico establecido por el liberalismo de Bretton Woods, el Fondo Monetario Internacional y el Banco Internacional de Reconstrucción y Desarrollo, así como el Acuerdo General sobre Aranceles Aduaneros y Comercio de Posguerra.
Descrição detalhada da história: O governo econômico do mundo é uma história épica de dinheiro, comércio e desenvolvimento desde 1933. Em 1933, Keynes refletiu sobre a crise da Grande Depressão, afirmando que "não é razoável, não é bonito, não é fácil, e não entrega mercadorias. "Quando nos perguntamos o que colocá-lo no seu lugar, ficamos muito mal. Estamos agora num estado de perplexidade, perguntando-nos como responder aos problemas económicos do mundo. Martin Downton explora o equilíbrio entre nacionalismo econômico e globalização em noventa anos, explicando por que uma ordem económica está a ser destruída e como a outra está a ser construída. Em 193, a Conferência Económica e Monetária Mundial uniu as nações do mundo, mas a guerra comercial e cambial levou ao nacionalismo econômico e à reversão da globalização, que terminou em guerra. Durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial, surgiu a nova ordem econômica estabelecida pelo liberalismo de Bretton Woods, do Fundo Monetário Internacional e do Banco Internacional de Reconstrução e Desenvolvimento, e o Acordo Geral de Tarifas e Comércio do pós-guerra.
Descrizione dettagliata della storia del governo economico del mondo è una storia epocale di denaro, commercio e sviluppo dal 1933. Nel 1933 Keynes rifletteva sulla crisi della Grande Depressione, affermando che "non è saggio, non è bello, non è semplice, e non consegna merci. "Quando ci chiediamo cosa mettere al suo posto, ci domandiamo. amo in questo stato di perplessità, ci chiediamo come rispondere ai problemi economici del mondo. Martin Downton sta esplorando il mutevole equilibrio tra nazionalismo economico e globalizzazione in novant'anni, spiegando perché un ordine economico si sta deteriorando e come si sta costruendo l'altro. Nel 193 la Conferenza Monetaria ed Economica Mondiale riunì le nazioni del mondo, ma la guerra commerciale e monetaria portò al nazionalismo economico e all'inversione della globalizzazione, che si concluse con la guerra. Durante la Seconda Guerra Mondiale, è nato un nuovo ordine economico, messo in atto dal liberalismo di Bretton Woods, dal Fondo monetario internazionale e dalla Banca internazionale per la ricostruzione e lo sviluppo, e dall'Accordo generale sulle tariffe e il commercio del dopoguerra.
Ausführliche Beschreibung der Handlung: Die Wirtschaftsregierung der Welt ist eine epische Geschichte von Geld, Handel und Entwicklung seit 1933. Im Jahr 1933 dachte Keynes über die Krise der Großen Depression nach und sagte: "Es ist nicht vernünftig, es ist nicht schön, es ist nicht einfach und es liefert keine Waren. "Wenn wir uns fragen, was wir an seine Stelle setzen sollen, sind wir extrem ratlos. Wir befinden uns jetzt in einem ähnlichen Zustand der Ratlosigkeit und fragen uns, wie wir auf die wirtschaftlichen Probleme der Welt reagieren sollen. Martin Downton untersucht das sich in neunzig Jahren verändernde Gleichgewicht zwischen wirtschaftlichem Nationalismus und Globalisierung und erklärt, warum eine Wirtschaftsordnung zusammenbricht und wie eine andere aufgebaut wird. 193 vereinte die Weltwährungs- und Wirtschaftskonferenz die Nationen der Welt, aber der Handels- und Währungskrieg führte zu wirtschaftlichem Nationalismus und einer Umkehr von der Globalisierung, die in einem Krieg gipfelte. Während des Zweiten Weltkriegs entstand eine neue Wirtschaftsordnung, die vom Liberalismus von Bretton Woods, dem Internationalen Währungsfonds und der Internationalen Bank für Wiederaufbau und Entwicklung sowie dem Allgemeinen Zoll- und Handelsabkommen der Nachkriegszeit geprägt war.
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Konu Detayı: Dünyanın Ekonomik Hükümeti, 1933'ten beri para, ticaret ve kalkınmanın destansı bir hikayesidir. 1933'te Keynes, Büyük Buhran'ın krizini yansıttı ve "makul değil, güzel değil, kolay değil ve mal teslim etmiyor. "Onun yerine ne koyacağımızı merak ettiğimizde, son derece şaşkına dönüyoruz. Şimdi benzer bir şaşkınlık içindeyiz, dünyanın ekonomik sorunlarına nasıl cevap vereceğimizi merak ediyoruz. Martin Downton, ekonomik milliyetçilik ile küreselleşme arasındaki doksan yıllık değişen dengeyi inceleyerek, bir ekonomik düzenin neden yıkıldığını ve diğerinin nasıl inşa edildiğini açıklıyor. 193'te Dünya Para ve Ekonomi Konferansı dünya uluslarını birleştirdi, ancak ticaret ve para savaşı ekonomik milliyetçiliğe ve savaşla sonuçlanan küreselleşmeden tersine dönmeye yol açtı. II. Dünya Savaşı sırasında, Bretton Woods, Uluslararası Para Fonu ve Uluslararası Yeniden Yapılanma ve Kalkınma Bankası'nın liberalizmi ve savaş sonrası Gümrük Tarifeleri ve Ticaret Genel Anlaşması ile ortaya çıkan yeni bir ekonomik düzen ortaya çıktı.
Plot Details: The Economic Government of the World هي قصة ملحمية عن المال والتجارة والتنمية منذ عام 1933. في عام 1933، تفكر كينز في أزمة الكساد الكبير، قائلاً إنه "ليس معقولاً، إنه ليس جميلاً، وليس سهلاً، ولا يسلم البضائع. "عندما نتساءل ماذا نضع مكانه، نشعر بالحيرة الشديدة. نحن الآن في حالة مماثلة من الحيرة، ونتساءل عن كيفية الاستجابة للمشاكل الاقتصادية للعالم. يدرس مارتن داونتون التوازن المتغير منذ تسعين عامًا بين القومية الاقتصادية والعولمة، موضحًا سبب تدمير نظام اقتصادي وكيف يتم بناء نظام آخر. في عام 193، وحد المؤتمر النقدي والاقتصادي العالمي أمم العالم، لكن حرب التجارة والعملات أدت إلى القومية الاقتصادية والانعكاس عن العولمة التي انتهت بالحرب. وخلال الحرب العالمية الثانية، نشأ نظام اقتصادي جديد أرسته الليبرالية في بريتون وودز وصندوق النقد الدولي والبنك الدولي للإنشاء والتعمير، فضلا عن الاتفاق العام بشأن التعريفات الجمركية والتجارة بعد الحرب.

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