BOOKS - The Beautiful Tree: Indigenous Indian Education in the Eighteenth Century
The Beautiful Tree: Indigenous Indian Education in the Eighteenth Century - Dharampal January 1, 1983 PDF  BOOKS
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The Beautiful Tree: Indigenous Indian Education in the Eighteenth Century
Author: Dharampal
Year: January 1, 1983
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 1.8 MB
Language: English



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The Beautiful Tree: Indigenous Indian Education in the Eighteenth Century In the midst of the onslaught of colonial rule, a great Gandhian thinker, historian, and political philosopher from India, Dharampal, embarked on an exploration of British-Indian archival material to uncover the truth about India's past. His pioneering historical research, conducted over a decade, led to the publication of works that have since become classics in the field of Indian studies. One such masterpiece is "The Beautiful Tree which provides evidence of the widespread prevalence of educational institutions in the Bengal and Madras Presidencies, as well as in the Punjab, teaching a sophisticated curriculum with daily school attendance by about 30% of children aged 6-15, where those belonging to communities classified as Shudras or even lower constituted a significant number of students. In some areas, such as Kerala, Muslim girls were also well represented. The book reveals how the British colonial administration was aware of these schools and actively sought to suppress them.
The Beautiful Tree: Indigenous Indian Education in the Eighteenth Century В разгар натиска колониального господства великий гандийский мыслитель, историк и политический философ из Индии Дхарампал приступил к исследованию британско-индийского архивного материала, чтобы раскрыть правду о прошлом Индии. Его новаторские исторические исследования, проводимые в течение десятилетия, привели к публикации работ, которые с тех пор стали классикой в области индийских исследований. Одним из таких шедевров является «Красивое дерево», которое свидетельствует о широком распространении учебных заведений в президентствах Бенгалии и Мадраса, а также в Пенджабе, преподавая сложную учебную программу с ежедневным посещением школы примерно 30% детей в возрасте от 6 до 15 лет, где принадлежащие к общинам, отнесённым к шудрам или ещё ниже, составляли значительное число учащихся. В некоторых районах, таких как Керала, мусульманские девушки также были хорошо представлены. В книге раскрывается, как британская колониальная администрация была осведомлена об этих школах и активно стремилась к их подавлению.
The Beautiful Tree : Indigenous Indian Education in the Eighteenth Century Au milieu de la domination coloniale, le grand penseur, historien et philosophe politique gandhien Dharampal s'est lancé dans une étude sur les archives britanniques et indiennes pour révéler la vérité sur le passé de l'Inde. Ses recherches historiques pionnières menées au cours de la décennie ont mené à la publication d'ouvrages qui, depuis, sont devenus des classiques de la recherche indienne. L'un de ces chefs-d'œuvre est le Beau Arbre, qui témoigne de la large diffusion des établissements d'enseignement dans les présidences du Bengale et de Madras, ainsi qu'au Pendjab, en enseignant un programme complexe avec une fréquentation scolaire quotidienne d'environ 30 % des enfants âgés de 6 à 15 ans, où les communautés classées comme Shudram ou plus bas étaient un nombre important d'élèves. Dans certaines régions comme le Kerala, les filles musulmanes étaient également bien représentées. livre révèle comment l'administration coloniale britannique était au courant de ces écoles et cherchait activement à les réprimer.
The Beautiful Tree: Indigenous Indian Education in the Eighteenth Century En medio de la embestida de la dominación colonial, Dharampal, un gran pensador, historiador y filósofo político de la India, comenzó a investigar el material de archivo británico-indio para revelar la verdad sobre el pasado de la India. Su pionera investigación histórica, llevada a cabo durante una década, llevó a la publicación de trabajos que desde entonces se han convertido en clásicos en el campo de la investigación india. Una de estas obras maestras es «hermoso árbol», que muestra la amplia difusión de las instituciones educativas en las presidencias de Bengala y Madrás, así como en el Punjab, enseñando un currículo complejo con una asistencia escolar diaria de aproximadamente el 30% de los niños de 6 a 15 , donde los pertenecientes a comunidades clasificadas como shudras o aún más bajas constituían un número significativo de alumnos. En algunas zonas, como Kerala, las niñas musulmanas también estaban bien representadas. libro revela cómo la administración colonial británica era consciente de estas escuelas y buscaba activamente suprimirlas.
The Beautiful Tree: Indigenous Indian Education in the Eighteenth Century No meio do domínio colonial, o grande pensador, historiador e filósofo político da Índia Dharampal começou a pesquisar material de arquivo britânico-indiano para revelar a verdade sobre o passado da Índia. Seus estudos históricos inovadores realizados ao longo da década levaram à publicação de trabalhos que desde então se tornaram clássicos da pesquisa indiana. Uma dessas obras-primas é a «Bela Árvore», que mostra a extensão das instituições de ensino nas presidências de Bengala e Madras, assim como no Punjab, ensinando um programa de ensino complexo com a frequência diária de cerca de 30% das crianças de 6 a 15 anos de idade, onde as comunidades classificadas como cicatrizes ou ainda mais baixas representavam um número considerável de alunos. Em algumas áreas, como Kerala, as meninas muçulmanas também estavam bem representadas. O livro revela como a administração colonial britânica estava ciente dessas escolas e ativamente empenhada em reprimi-las.
The Beautiful Tree: Indigenous Indian Education in the Eighteenth Century Nel bel mezzo del dominio coloniale, il grande pensatore gandese, storico e filosofo politico indiano Dharampal ha iniziato una ricerca sul materiale di archiviazione britannico-indiano per rivelare la verità sul passato dell'India. La sua ricerca storica innovativa, condotta nel corso del decennio, ha portato alla pubblicazione di opere che da allora sono diventate un classico della ricerca indiana. Uno di questi capolavori è il Bel Albero, che testimonia la grande diffusione delle istituzioni scolastiche nelle presidenze Bengala e Madras, e nel Punjab, insegnando un programma di studio complesso con una frequenza scolastica giornaliera di circa il 30% dei bambini di età compresa tra i 6 e i 15 anni, dove appartenenti a comunità classificate come cicatrici o ancora più basse, costituivano un numero considerevole di studenti. In alcune zone, come il Kerala, anche le ragazze musulmane erano ben rappresentate. Il libro rivela come l'amministrazione coloniale britannica fosse consapevole di queste scuole e cercasse attivamente di sopprimerle.
The Beautiful Tree: Indigenous Indian Education in the Eighteenth Century Inmitten des Ansturms der Kolonialherrschaft begann der große gandhische Denker, Historiker und politische Philosoph aus Indien, Dharampal, das britisch-indische Archivmaterial zu untersuchen, um die Wahrheit über Indiens Vergangenheit aufzudecken. Seine bahnbrechende historische Forschung, die über ein Jahrzehnt durchgeführt wurde, führte zur Veröffentlichung von Werken, die seitdem zu Klassikern auf dem Gebiet der indischen Studien geworden sind. Eines dieser Meisterwerke ist „Beautiful Tree“, das die weit verbreitete Verbreitung von Bildungseinrichtungen in den Präsidentschaften von Bengalen und Madras sowie im Punjab bezeugt und einen komplexen hrplan mit täglichen Schulbesuchen von etwa 30% der Kinder im Alter von 6 bis 15 Jahren vermittelt, in denen Angehörige von Gemeinschaften, die als Sudra oder noch niedriger eingestuft wurden, eine beträchtliche Anzahl von Schülern ausmachten. In einigen Gegenden wie Kerala waren auch muslimische Mädchen gut vertreten. Das Buch enthüllt, wie die britische Kolonialverwaltung sich dieser Schulen bewusst war und aktiv danach strebte, sie zu unterdrücken.
The Beautiful Tree: Indian Indian Education in the EE18 Century בעיצומה של ההסתערות על השלטון הקולוניאלי, הוגה הדעות הגנדאי הגדול, היסטוריון ופילוסוף פוליטי מהודו, דאראמפאל, החל לחקור חומר ארכיוני בריטי-הודי כדי לחשוף את האמת על עברה של הודו. המחקר ההיסטורי החלוצי שלו במשך עשור הוביל לפרסום יצירות שהפכו מאז לקלאסיקות בתחום לימודי ההודים. יצירת מופת אחת כזו היא ”עץ יפהפה”, המעידה על הפצה נרחבת של מוסדות חינוך כמו גם בפנג 'אב, הוראת תוכנית לימודים מורכבת עם נוכחות יומית של כ-30% מהילדים בגילאי 6 עד 15, היכן ששייכות לקהילות המסווגות כשודרות או אפילו נמוכות יותר, מורכבת ממספר משמעותי של תלמידים. באזורים מסוימים כמו קראלה, גם בנות מוסלמיות היו מיוצגות היטב. הספר חושף כיצד הממשל הקולוניאלי הבריטי היה מודע לבתי ספר אלה וביקש לדכא אותם באופן פעיל.''
The Beautiful Tree: Indigenous Indian Education in the Eighteenth Century (Güzel Ağaç: On Sekizinci Yüzyılda Yerli Kızılderililerin Eğitimi) Sömürge yönetiminin saldırısının ortasında, Hindistan'ın büyük Gandhi düşünürü, tarihçisi ve politik filozofu Dharampal, Hindistan'ın geçmişi hakkındaki gerçeği ortaya çıkarmak için İngiliz-Hint arşiv materyalini araştırmaya koyuldu. On yıl boyunca yaptığı öncü tarihsel araştırmalar, o zamandan beri Hint çalışmaları alanında klasikler haline gelen eserlerin yayınlanmasına yol açtı. Böyle bir başyapıt, Bengal ve Madras başkanlıklarındaki eğitim kurumlarının yaygın dağılımına tanıklık eden Güzel Ağaç'tır. Pencap'ta olduğu gibi, 6-15 yaş arası çocukların yaklaşık %30'unun günlük okula devam ettiği karmaşık bir müfredat öğretmek, Nerede shudras veya daha düşük olarak sınıflandırılan topluluklara ait, öğrencilerin önemli bir bölümünü oluşturdu. Kerala gibi bazı bölgelerde, Müslüman kızlar da iyi temsil edildi. Kitap, İngiliz sömürge yönetiminin bu okullardan nasıl haberdar olduğunu ve aktif olarak onları bastırmaya çalıştığını ortaya koyuyor.
الشجرة الجميلة: تعليم الهنود الأصليين في القرن الثامن عشر في خضم هجوم الحكم الاستعماري، شرع المفكر الغاندي العظيم والمؤرخ والفيلسوف السياسي من الهند، دارامبال، في البحث عن مواد أرشيفية بريطانية هندية للكشف عن حقيقة ماضي الهند. أدى بحثه التاريخي الرائد على مدار عقد من الزمان إلى نشر أعمال أصبحت منذ ذلك الحين كلاسيكية في مجال الدراسات الهندية. إحدى هذه التحفة هي Beautiful Tree، التي تشهد على التوزيع الواسع للمؤسسات التعليمية في رئاستي البنغال ومدراس، وكذلك في البنجاب، بتدريس منهج دراسي معقد بحضور حوالي 30 في المائة من الأطفال الذين تتراوح أعمارهم بين 6 سنوات و 15 سنة يوميا، حيث ينتمون إلى مجتمعات مصنفة على أنها شودرا أو حتى أقل، يشكلون عددًا كبيرًا من الطلاب. في بعض المناطق مثل ولاية كيرالا، كانت الفتيات المسلمات ممثلات بشكل جيد. يكشف الكتاب كيف كانت الإدارة الاستعمارية البريطانية على دراية بهذه المدارس وسعت بنشاط لقمعها.
아름다운 나무: 18 세기 원주민 인도 교육 식민지 통치의 맹공격 속에서 인도의 위대한 간디 사상가, 역사가 및 정치 철학자 인 다람팔 (Dharampal) 은 영국-인도 기록 자료를 연구하여 인도의 과거에 대한 진실. 10 년 동안 그의 선구적인 역사적 연구는 인도 연구 분야에서 고전이 된 작품의 출판으로 이어졌습니다. 그러한 걸작 중 하나는 아름다운 나무로 벵갈과 마드라스 회장단에 교육 기관이 널리 분포되어 있음을 증거합니다. 펀 자브뿐만 아니라 6 세에서 15 세 사이의 어린이의 약 30% 가 매일 학교에 다니는 복잡한 커리큘럼을 가르치고 shudras 이하로 분류 된 커뮤니티에 속하면 상당수의 학생들이 구성됩니다. 케 랄라와 같은 일부 지역에서는 무슬림 소녀들도 잘 대표되었습니다. 이 책은 영국 식민지 정부가이 학교들을 어떻게 인식하고 적극적으로 억압하려했는지를 보여줍니다.
The Beautiful Tree: Indigenous Indian Education in the Eighteenth Century在殖民統治的沖擊中,來自印度的偉大甘地思想家、歷史學家和政治哲學家Dharampal著手研究英印檔案材料,揭示印度過去的真相。他長達十的開創性歷史研究導致出版了後來成為印度研究經典的作品。其中一個傑作是「美麗的樹」,它證明了孟加拉和馬德拉斯總統府以及旁遮普邦的教育機構的廣泛傳播,教授復雜的課程,每天約有30%的6至15歲的兒童上學,其中屬於被歸類為shudras或更低的社區的學生人數相當多。在某些地區,例如喀拉拉邦,穆斯林女孩的代表性也很高。該書揭示了英國殖民政府如何意識到這些學校並積極尋求鎮壓它們。

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