BOOKS - Men as Women, Women as Men
Men as Women, Women as Men - Sabine Lang 2010 PDF  BOOKS
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Men as Women, Women as Men
Author: Sabine Lang
Year: 2010
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 49 MB
Language: English



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Men as Women, Women as Men: A Study of Gender Bending in Native American Cultures Introduction In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the history and experiences of gender-nonconforming individuals in Native American cultures. This interest has led to a renewed focus on the historical figure of the "berdache or womanly men, and manly women, who existed in many Native American tribes. However, attempts to understand these individuals have often relied on oversimplified and distorted accounts of their lives. This book provides a comprehensive and objective study of Native American women, men, and men women across multiple tribal cultures and an extended time span. Chapter 1: Religious and Secular Roles The first chapter explores the religious and secular roles of women men and manly women in Native American cultures. The author examines how these individuals were integrated into the spiritual practices of their respective societies and how they were viewed by their communities. The chapter also delves into the ways in which gender role change was carried out and legitimized within these cultures. Chapter 2: Attitudes Toward Women, Men, and Men Women This chapter examines the widely differing attitudes toward women, men, and men women in various tribal cultures. The author challenges the apparent gender equality of the berdache institution, as well as the supposed universality of concepts such as homosexuality and gender identity.
Men as Women, Women as Men: A Study of Gender Bending in Native American Cultures Introduction В последние годы растет интерес к истории и опыту гендерно-несоответствующих людей в индейских культурах. Этот интерес привел к возобновлению внимания к исторической фигуре «бердахе» или женским мужчинам, и мужественным женщинам, которые существовали во многих индейских племенах. Однако попытки понять этих людей часто опирались на упрощенные и искаженные рассказы об их жизни. Эта книга представляет собой всестороннее и объективное исследование женщин, мужчин и мужчин из числа коренных американцев в разных племенных культурах и в течение длительного периода времени. Глава 1: Религиозные и светские роли Первая глава исследует религиозные и светские роли женщин-мужчин и мужественных женщин в индейских культурах. Автор исследует, как эти люди были интегрированы в духовную практику их соответствующих обществ и как на них смотрели их общины. В этой главе также рассматриваются способы, с помощью которых изменение гендерной роли осуществлялось и узаконивалось в рамках этих культур. Глава 2: Отношение к женщинам, мужчинам и мужчинам В этой главе рассматривается широко различное отношение к женщинам, мужчинам и мужчинам в различных племенных культурах. Автор бросает вызов очевидному гендерному равенству института berdache, а также предполагаемой универсальности таких понятий, как гомосексуальность и гендерная идентичность.
Men as Women, Women as Men : A Study of Gender Bending in Native American Cultures Introduction Au cours des dernières années, un intérêt croissant a été porté à l'histoire et à l'expérience des personnes non conformes au sexe dans les cultures indiennes. Cet intérêt a conduit à un regain d'attention pour la figure historique du « Berdahe », ou les hommes féminins, et les femmes courageuses qui existaient dans de nombreuses tribus indiennes. Cependant, les tentatives de comprendre ces personnes se fondaient souvent sur des histoires simplistes et déformées de leur vie. Ce livre est une étude complète et objective sur les femmes, les hommes et les hommes autochtones dans différentes cultures tribales et sur une longue période de temps. Chapitre 1 : Rôles religieux et laïcs premier chapitre examine le rôle religieux et laïc des femmes et des femmes courageuses dans les cultures indiennes. L'auteur étudie comment ces personnes ont été intégrées dans la pratique spirituelle de leurs sociétés respectives et comment leurs communautés les ont regardées. présent chapitre traite également de la manière dont le changement du rôle du genre a été mis en œuvre et légitimé au sein de ces cultures. Chapitre 2 : Attitudes envers les femmes, les hommes et les hommes Ce chapitre traite des attitudes très différentes envers les femmes, les hommes et les hommes dans les différentes cultures tribales. L'auteur récuse l'apparente égalité des sexes de l'institution berdache ainsi que l'universalité perçue de concepts tels que l'homosexualité et l'identité de genre.
Men as Women, Women as Men: A Study of Gender Bending in Native American Cultures Introduction En los últimos ha habido un creciente interés en la historia y la experiencia de las personas no conformes con el género en las culturas indias. Este interés llevó a una renovada atención a la figura histórica de los «berdahe» o hombres femeninos, y a las mujeres valientes que existían en muchas tribus indias. n embargo, los intentos de entender a estas personas a menudo se basaron en historias simplistas y distorsionadas sobre sus vidas. Este libro es un estudio completo y objetivo de mujeres, hombres y hombres nativos americanos en diferentes culturas tribales y durante un largo período de tiempo. Capítulo 1: Roles religiosos y seculares primer capítulo explora los roles religiosos y seculares de los hombres y mujeres valientes en las culturas indias. autor explora cómo estas personas se integraron en la práctica espiritual de sus respectivas sociedades y cómo fueron observadas por sus comunidades. En este capítulo también se examinan las formas en que se ha llevado a cabo y legitimado el cambio de la función de género dentro de esas culturas. Capítulo 2: Actitudes hacia las mujeres, los hombres y los hombres Este capítulo aborda las actitudes muy diferentes hacia las mujeres, los hombres y los hombres en las diferentes culturas tribales. La autora desafía la aparente igualdad de género de la institución berdache, así como la supuesta universalidad de conceptos como la homosexualidad y la identidad de género.
Men as Women, Women as Men: A Study of Gender Bending in Native American Culturas Intração. Esse interesse levou a uma atenção redobrada para a figura histórica da «berdah» ou dos homens femininos e das mulheres masculinas que existiam em muitas tribos indígenas. No entanto, as tentativas de compreender essas pessoas foram muitas vezes baseadas em histórias simplistas e distorcidas sobre suas vidas. Este livro é uma pesquisa completa e objetiva sobre mulheres, homens e mulheres nativos americanos em diferentes culturas tribais e por um longo período de tempo. Capítulo 1: Papéis religiosos e seculares O primeiro capítulo explora o papel religioso e secular das mulheres masculinas e masculinas nas culturas indígenas. O autor investiga como essas pessoas foram integradas às práticas espirituais de suas respectivas sociedades e como suas comunidades as olharam. Este capítulo também aborda as formas como a alteração do papel de gênero foi feita e legitimada dentro dessas culturas. Capítulo 2: Atitudes em relação a mulheres, homens e homens Este capítulo aborda as diferentes atitudes em relação a mulheres, homens e mulheres em diferentes culturas tribais. O autor desafia a aparente igualdade de gênero do Instituto berdache e a suposta universalidade de conceitos como homossexualidade e identidade de gênero.
Men as Women, Women as Men: A Study of Gender Bending in Native American Culture Introduction Negli ultimi anni è cresciuto l'interesse per la storia e l'esperienza delle persone che non corrispondono al genere nelle culture indiane. Questo interesse ha portato alla rinnovata attenzione verso la figura storica della «berdach» o degli uomini femminili e delle donne virile che esistevano in molte tribù indiane. Ma i tentativi di comprendere queste persone si basavano spesso su storie semplificate e distorte sulla loro vita. Questo libro è una ricerca completa e oggettiva su donne, uomini e uomini nativi americani in culture tribali diverse e per un lungo periodo di tempo. Capitolo 1: Ruoli religiosi e laici Il primo capitolo esplora i ruoli religiosi e laici delle donne maschio e virile nelle culture indiane. L'autore indaga come queste persone siano state integrate nella pratica spirituale delle loro rispettive società e come siano state guardate dalle loro comunità. Questo capitolo descrive anche le modalità con cui il cambiamento del ruolo di genere è stato attuato e legittimato all'interno di queste culture. Capitolo 2: Trattamenti verso le donne, gli uomini e gli uomini In questo capitolo vengono considerati ampiamente diversi atteggiamenti verso le donne, gli uomini e gli uomini nelle diverse culture tribali. L'autore sfida l'apparente parità di genere dell'istituto berdache e la presunta universalità di concetti come l'omosessualità e l'identità di genere.
Männer als Frauen, Frauen als Männer: Eine Studie über Gender-Bending in nativen amerikanischen Kulturen Einführung In den letzten Jahren hat das Interesse an der Geschichte und den Erfahrungen geschlechtsspezifischer Menschen in indianischen Kulturen zugenommen. Dieses Interesse führte zu einer erneuten Aufmerksamkeit für die historische Figur „Berdaha“ oder weibliche Männer und mutige Frauen, die in vielen indianischen Stämmen existierten. Versuche, diese Menschen zu verstehen, stützten sich jedoch oft auf vereinfachende und verzerrte Geschichten über ihr ben. Dieses Buch ist eine umfassende und objektive Studie über indianische Frauen, Männer und Männer in verschiedenen Stammeskulturen und über einen langen Zeitraum. Kapitel 1: Religiöse und weltliche Rollen Das erste Kapitel untersucht die religiösen und weltlichen Rollen männlicher und mutiger Frauen in indianischen Kulturen. Der Autor untersucht, wie diese Menschen in die spirituelle Praxis ihrer jeweiligen Gesellschaften integriert wurden und wie ihre Gemeinschaften sie betrachteten. In diesem Kapitel wird auch untersucht, wie die Veränderung der Geschlechterrolle innerhalb dieser Kulturen durchgeführt und legitimiert wurde. Kapitel 2: Einstellungen zu Frauen, Männern und Männern Dieses Kapitel untersucht die sehr unterschiedlichen Einstellungen zu Frauen, Männern und Männern in verschiedenen Stammeskulturen. Die Autorin stellt die scheinbare Geschlechtergerechtigkeit des berdache-Instituts sowie die vermeintliche Universalität von Begriffen wie Homosexualität und Geschlechtsidentität infrage.
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Kadın Olarak Erkekler, Erkek Olarak Kadınlar: Kızılderili Kültürlerinde Cinsiyet Bükme Üzerine Bir Çalışma Giriş Son yıllarda, Kızılderili kültürlerinde cinsiyete uymayan insanların tarihine ve deneyimlerine artan bir ilgi olmuştur. Bu ilgi, tarihsel figür "berdah'ya da kadın erkeklere ve birçok Kızılderili kabilesinde var olan cesur kadınlara yeniden dikkat çekti. Bununla birlikte, bu insanları anlama girişimleri genellikle yaşamlarının basit ve çarpık hesaplarına dayanıyordu. Bu kitap, Kızılderili kadın, erkek ve erkeklerin kabile kültürleri boyunca ve uzun bir süre boyunca kapsamlı ve objektif bir çalışmasıdır. Bölüm 1: Dini ve Laik Roller İlk bölüm, Kızılderili kültürlerinde erkek kadınların ve cesur kadınların dini ve laik rollerini araştırıyor. Yazar, bu bireylerin kendi toplumlarının manevi uygulamalarına nasıl entegre olduklarını ve toplulukları tarafından nasıl görüldüklerini araştırıyor. Bu bölüm ayrıca, bu kültürlerde cinsiyet rolünün değişiminin nasıl uygulandığını ve meşrulaştırıldığını incelemektedir. Bölüm 2: Kadınlara, Erkeklere ve Erkeklere Yönelik Tutumlar Bu bölüm, farklı kabile kültürlerinde kadınlara, erkeklere ve erkeklere yönelik çok farklı tutumları inceler. Yazar, berdache kurumunun görünür cinsiyet eşitliğinin yanı sıra eşcinsellik ve cinsiyet kimliği gibi kavramların algılanan evrenselliğine de meydan okuyor.
الرجال كنساء، النساء كرجال: دراسة الانحناء بين الجنسين في ثقافات الأمريكيين الأصليين مقدمة في السنوات الأخيرة، كان هناك اهتمام متزايد بتاريخ وتجارب الأشخاص غير المطابقين للجنسين في ثقافات الأمريكيين الأصليين. أدى هذا الاهتمام إلى تجديد الاهتمام بالشخصية التاريخية «بردة» أو الرجال الإناث، والنساء الشجعان الذين كانوا موجودين في العديد من قبائل الأمريكيين الأصليين. ومع ذلك، غالبًا ما اعتمدت محاولات فهم هؤلاء الأشخاص على روايات مبسطة ومشوهة عن حياتهم. هذا الكتاب هو دراسة شاملة وموضوعية للنساء والرجال والرجال الأمريكيين الأصليين عبر الثقافات القبلية وعلى مدى فترة طويلة من الزمن. الفصل 1: الأدوار الدينية والعلمانية يستكشف الفصل الأول الأدوار الدينية والعلمانية للنساء الذكور والنساء الشجعان في ثقافات الأمريكيين الأصليين. يستكشف المؤلف كيف تم دمج هؤلاء الأفراد في الممارسات الروحية لمجتمعاتهم وكيف كانت مجتمعاتهم تنظر إليهم. ويتناول هذا الفصل أيضا الطرق التي تم بها تنفيذ تغيير دور الجنسين وإضفاء الشرعية عليه داخل هذه الثقافات. الفصل 2: المواقف تجاه النساء والرجال والرجال يبحث هذا الفصل المواقف المختلفة على نطاق واسع تجاه النساء والرجال والرجال في الثقافات القبلية المختلفة. يتحدى المؤلف المساواة الواضحة بين الجنسين لمؤسسة berdache، وكذلك الشمولية المتصورة لمفاهيم مثل المثلية الجنسية والهوية الجنسانية.

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