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Eruptions of Popular Anger: The Economics of the Arab Spring and Its Aftermath (MENA Development Report) - Elena Lanchovichina December 28, 2017 PDF  BOOKS
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Eruptions of Popular Anger: The Economics of the Arab Spring and Its Aftermath (MENA Development Report)
Author: Elena Lanchovichina
Year: December 28, 2017
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 15 MB
Language: English



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Eruptions of Popular Anger - The Economics of the Arab Spring and Its Aftermath Eruptions of Popular Anger - The Economics of the Arab Spring and Its Aftermath is a thought-provoking book that delves into the underlying causes of the Arab Spring uprisings and their aftermath, offering a fresh perspective on the events that shook the Middle East and North Africa in recent years. The author, Nader Habib, sets out to answer three puzzles: the Arab inequality paradox, the unhappy development paradox, and the paradox of political violence in middle-income countries. Through an empirical investigation, Habib challenges the conventional wisdom that high and rising inequality was the primary cause of the Arab Spring revolutions, instead arguing that the erosion of middle-class incomes and the growing dissatisfaction with the quality of life were the true drivers of the unrest. The book begins by highlighting the old social contract that had delivered development results in the past, where Arab governments provided public-sector jobs and subsidized services in exchange for subdued voices from their citizens. However, this social contract became unsustainable and malfunctioning, as the public sector could no longer be the employer of choice, and the private sector failed to generate enough formal sector jobs due to distortions that constrained its growth and policies that favored a few firms with political connections, limiting competition and private investment. This breakdown in the social contract increased the premium on freedom and created impetus for political change.
Вспышки народного гнева - Экономика арабской весны и ее последствия Вспышки народного гнева - «Экономика арабской весны и ее последствия» (The Economics of the Arab Spring and Its Aftermath) - книга, заставляющая задуматься, которая углубляется в глубинные причины восстаний арабской весны и их последствия, предлагая свежий взгляд на события, потрясшие Ближний Восток и Северную Африку в последние годы. Автор, Надер Хабиб, задается целью ответить на три загадки: парадокс арабского неравенства, парадокс несчастливого развития и парадокс политического насилия в странах со средним уровнем дохода. Посредством эмпирического исследования Хабиб бросает вызов общепринятому мнению, что высокое и растущее неравенство было основной причиной революций Арабской весны, вместо этого утверждая, что эрозия доходов среднего класса и растущее недовольство качеством жизни были истинными драйверами беспорядков. Книга начинается с освещения старого социального контракта, который приносил результаты в области развития в прошлом, когда арабские правительства предоставляли рабочие места в государственном секторе и субсидируемые услуги в обмен на сдержанные голоса своих граждан. Однако этот социальный контракт стал неустойчивым и неисправным, поскольку государственный сектор больше не мог быть предпочтительным работодателем, а частный сектор не смог создать достаточно рабочих мест в формальном секторе из-за искажений, которые сдерживали его рост и политику, которая благоприятствовала нескольким фирмам с политическими связями, ограничивая конкуренцию и частные инвестиции. Этот разрыв общественного договора увеличил премию за свободу и создал импульс для политических перемен.
Flambées de colère populaire - L'économie du printemps arabe et ses conséquences L'épidémie de colère populaire - « L'économie du printemps arabe et ses conséquences » (The Economics of the Arab Spring and Its Aftermath) est un livre de réflexion qui explore les causes profondes des rébellions du printemps arabe et leurs conséquences, offrant un regard neuf sur les événements qui ont secoué le Moyen-Orient et l'Afrique du Nord ces dernières années. L'auteur, Nader Habib, se donne pour objectif de répondre à trois mystères : le paradoxe des inégalités arabes, le paradoxe du développement malheureux et le paradoxe de la violence politique dans les pays à revenu intermédiaire. Au travers d'une étude empirique, Habib récuse l'idée généralement admise que les inégalités élevées et croissantes ont été la cause principale des révolutions du Printemps arabe, affirmant plutôt que l'érosion des revenus des classes moyennes et le mécontentement croissant à l'égard de la qualité de vie ont été de véritables moteurs de troubles. livre commence par mettre en lumière l'ancien contrat social qui a donné des résultats de développement dans le passé, lorsque les gouvernements arabes ont fourni des emplois dans le secteur public et des services subventionnés en échange des voix modérées de leurs citoyens. Toutefois, ce contrat social est devenu insoutenable et défectueux, le secteur public ne pouvant plus être l'employeur privilégié et le secteur privé ne pouvant créer suffisamment d'emplois dans le secteur formel en raison des distorsions qui ont freiné sa croissance et des politiques qui ont favorisé plusieurs entreprises ayant des liens politiques en limitant la concurrence et l'investissement privé. Cette rupture du contrat social a accru le prix de la liberté et créé un élan pour le changement politique.
Brotes de ira popular - La economía de la Primavera Árabe y sus consecuencias Brotes de ira popular - «La economía de la Primavera Árabe y sus consecuencias» (The Economics of the Arab Spring and Its Aftermath) es un libro que hace reflexionar, que profundiza en las causas profundas de las revueltas de la Primavera Árabe y sus consecuencias, ofreciendo una visión fresca de los acontecimientos que han sacudido el Medio Oriente y el norte de África en los últimos . autor, Nader Habib, pretende responder a tres misterios: la paradoja de la desigualdad árabe, la paradoja del desarrollo infeliz y la paradoja de la violencia política en los países de renta media. A través de un estudio empírico, Habib desafía la creencia generalmente aceptada de que la alta y creciente desigualdad fue la causa principal de las revoluciones de la Primavera Árabe, argumentando en cambio que la erosión de los ingresos de la clase media y el creciente descontento con la calidad de vida fueron los verdaderos impulsores de los disturbios. libro comienza con la cobertura de un viejo contrato social que dio resultados de desarrollo en el pasado, cuando los gobiernos árabes proporcionaban empleos en el sector público y servicios subvencionados a cambio de discretos votos de sus ciudadanos. n embargo, este contrato social se volvió insostenible y defectuoso, ya que el sector público ya no podía ser el empleador preferido y el sector privado no era capaz de crear suficientes empleos en el sector formal debido a las distorsiones que frenaban su crecimiento y a las políticas que favorecían a varias empresas con vínculos políticos, limitando la competencia y la inversión privada. Esta ruptura del contrato social aumentó la prima de libertad y creó un impulso para el cambio político.
Scoppi di rabbia popolare - L'economia della primavera araba e le sue conseguenze L'epidemia di rabbia popolare - «L'economia della primavera araba e le sue conseguenze» The Economics of the Abe Spring and Its Aftermath è un libro che fa riflettere sulle cause profonde delle rivolte della primavera araba e sulle loro conseguenze, offrendo una visione recente degli eventi che hanno sconvolto il Medio Oriente e il Nord Africa negli ultimi anni. L'autore, Nader Habib, si propone di rispondere a tre misteri: il paradosso della disuguaglianza araba, il paradosso dello sviluppo infelice e il paradosso della violenza politica nei paesi a medio reddito. Attraverso uno studio empirico, Habib sfida l'opinione comune che l'elevata e crescente disuguaglianza sia stata la causa principale delle rivoluzioni della Primavera araba, sostenendo invece che l'erosione dei redditi della classe media e il crescente disappunto per la qualità della vita sono stati i veri driver dei disordini. Il libro inizia con la copertura di un vecchio contratto sociale che ha prodotto risultati di sviluppo in passato, quando i governi arabi hanno fornito posti di lavoro nel settore pubblico e servizi sovvenzionati in cambio dei voti discreti dei loro cittadini. Ma il contratto sociale è diventato insostenibile e difettoso, perché il settore pubblico non poteva più essere il datore di lavoro preferito, e il settore privato non è riuscito a creare abbastanza posti di lavoro nel settore formale a causa delle distorsioni che ne hanno ostacolato la crescita e le politiche che hanno favorito più aziende con legami politici, limitando la concorrenza e gli investimenti privati. Questa rottura del contratto sociale ha aumentato il premio per la libertà e ha creato un impulso per il cambiamento politico.
Wutausbrüche in der Bevölkerung - Die Wirtschaft des Arabischen Frühlings und ihre Folgen Wutausbrüche in der Bevölkerung - „Die Wirtschaft des Arabischen Frühlings und ihre Folgen“ (The Economics of the Arab Spring and Its Aftermath) ist ein Buch, das zum Nachdenken anregt, das tief in die Ursachen der Aufstände des Arabischen Frühlings und ihre Folgen eintaucht und einen frischen Einblick in die Ereignisse bietet, die den Nahen Osten und Nordafrika in den letzten Jahren erschüttert haben. Der Autor, Nader Habib, will drei Rätsel beantworten: das Paradoxon der arabischen Ungleichheit, das Paradoxon der unglücklichen Entwicklung und das Paradoxon der politischen Gewalt in Ländern mit mittlerem Einkommen. Durch empirische Forschung stellt Habib die konventionelle Ansicht in Frage, dass hohe und wachsende Ungleichheit die Hauptursache für die Revolutionen des Arabischen Frühlings war, und argumentiert stattdessen, dass die Erosion der Einkommen der Mittelschicht und die wachsende Unzufriedenheit mit der bensqualität die wahren Treiber der Unruhen waren. Das Buch beginnt mit der Berichterstattung über einen alten Gesellschaftsvertrag, der in der Vergangenheit Entwicklungsergebnisse brachte, als arabische Regierungen Arbeitsplätze im öffentlichen Sektor und subventionierte Dienstleistungen im Austausch für die zurückhaltenden Stimmen ihrer Bürger zur Verfügung stellten. Dieser Gesellschaftsvertrag wurde jedoch unhaltbar und fehlerhaft, da der öffentliche Sektor nicht mehr der bevorzugte Arbeitgeber sein konnte und der Privatsektor nicht in der Lage war, genügend Arbeitsplätze im formellen Sektor zu schaffen, da Verzerrungen sein Wachstum und die Politik, die mehrere politisch vernetzte Unternehmen begünstigte, den Wettbewerb und die privaten Investitionen einschränkten. Dieser Bruch des Gesellschaftsvertrages hat die Freiheitsprämie erhöht und Impulse für politische Veränderungen gesetzt.
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Popüler Öfke Salgınları - Arap Baharı Ekonomisi ve Sonrası Popüler Öfke Salgınları - "Arap Baharı Ekonomisi ve Sonrası" Arap Baharı ve Sonrasının Ekonomisi (The Economics of the Arab Spring and Its Aftermath), Arap Baharı ayaklanmalarının ve sonrasının altında yatan nedenleri inceleyen ve son yıllarda Orta Doğu ve Kuzey Afrika'yı sarsan olaylara taze bir bakış açısı sunan, düşündürücü bir kitaptır. Yazar Nader Habib, üç gizemi cevaplamak için yola çıkıyor: Arap eşitsizliği paradoksu, mutsuz gelişme paradoksu ve orta gelirli ülkelerdeki siyasi şiddet paradoksu. Habib, ampirik araştırma yoluyla, yüksek ve artan eşitsizliğin Arap Baharı devrimlerinin temel nedeni olduğu yönündeki geleneksel bilgeliğe meydan okuyor, bunun yerine orta sınıf gelir erozyonunun ve yaşam kalitesinden artan memnuniyetsizliğin huzursuzluğun gerçek itici güçleri olduğunu savunuyor. Kitap, Arap hükümetlerinin kamu sektörü işleri sağladığı ve vatandaşlarının düşük anahtar sesleri karşılığında hizmetleri sübvanse ettiği geçmişte kalkınma sonuçları veren eski bir sosyal sözleşmeyi vurgulayarak başlıyor. Bununla birlikte, bu sosyal sözleşme sürdürülemez ve hatalı hale geldi, çünkü kamu sektörü artık tercih edilen işveren olamazdı ve özel sektör, büyümesini kısıtlayan çarpıklıklar ve çeşitli politik olarak bağlı firmaları destekleyen politikalar nedeniyle resmi sektörde yeterli iş yaratamadı, rekabeti ve özel yatırımları sınırladı. Toplumsal sözleşmedeki bu kopuş özgürlük primini artırdı ve siyasi değişim için ivme yarattı.
تفشي الغضب الشعبي - اقتصاد الربيع العربي وتداعيات الغضب الشعبي - «اقتصاد الربيع العربي وما بعده» (اقتصاد الربيع العربي وما بعده) هو كتاب مثير للتفكير يتعمق في الأسباب الكامنة وراء انتفاضات الربيع العربي وعواقبها، ويقدم نظرة ثاقبة جديدة للأحداث التي هزت الشرق الأوسط وشمال إفريقيا في السنوات الأخيرة. ينطلق المؤلف نادر حبيب للإجابة على ثلاثة ألغاز: مفارقة عدم المساواة العربية، ومفارقة التنمية غير السعيدة، ومفارقة العنف السياسي في البلدان المتوسطة الدخل. من خلال البحث التجريبي، يتحدى حبيب الحكمة التقليدية القائلة بأن عدم المساواة المرتفع والمتزايد كان السبب الجذري لثورات الربيع العربي، وبدلاً من ذلك يجادل بأن تآكل دخل الطبقة المتوسطة والاستياء المتزايد من نوعية الحياة كانا المحركين الحقيقيين للاضطرابات. يبدأ الكتاب بتسليط الضوء على عقد اجتماعي قديم أسفر عن نتائج تنموية في الماضي، عندما قدمت الحكومات العربية وظائف في القطاع العام وخدمات مدعومة مقابل الأصوات المنخفضة لمواطنيها. ومع ذلك، أصبح هذا العقد الاجتماعي غير مستدام وخطأ حيث لم يعد بإمكان القطاع العام أن يكون صاحب العمل المفضل وفشل القطاع الخاص في خلق فرص عمل كافية في القطاع الرسمي بسبب التشوهات التي قيدت نموه وسياساته التي كانت تحابي العديد من الشركات ذات الصلة بالسياسة، مما حد من المنافسة والاستثمار الخاص. أدى هذا الانقطاع في العقد الاجتماعي إلى زيادة علاوة الحرية وخلق زخمًا للتغيير السياسي.

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