BOOKS - Empire of Normality: Neurodiversity and Capitalism
Empire of Normality: Neurodiversity and Capitalism - Robert Chapman November 20, 2023 PDF  BOOKS
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Empire of Normality: Neurodiversity and Capitalism
Author: Robert Chapman
Year: November 20, 2023
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 2.7 MB
Language: English



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The author argues that the idea of normalcy is not a natural or biological fact, but rather a product of intensified capitalism, which has shaped our understanding of the human body and mind into a productivity machine. This groundbreaking work delves into the rich histories of the neurodiversity and disability movements, exposing the myth of the 'normal' brain and the need for a radical politics of neurodiversity to achieve collective liberation. Chapter 1: The Myth of Normalcy The book begins by challenging the widely-held belief that there is a normative standard for the human brain and body. Chapman contends that this notion of normalcy is not only oppressive but also a relatively recent invention, dating back to the rise of capitalism. The author explores how the concept of normalcy was created to justify the exploitation of workers and reinforce social hierarchies. Chapter 2: The Empire of Normality In this chapter, Chapman delves into the history of the neurodiversity movement, highlighting the struggles of neurodivergent individuals who have been marginalized and stigmatized throughout history.
Автор утверждает, что идея нормальности не является естественным или биологическим фактом, а скорее продуктом усиленного капитализма, который сформировал наше понимание человеческого тела и разума в машину производительности. Эта новаторская работа углубляется в богатую историю движений нейроразнообразия и инвалидности, обнажая миф о «нормальном» мозге и необходимость радикальной политики нейроразнообразия для достижения коллективного освобождения. Глава 1: Миф о нормальности Книга начинается с того, что бросает вызов широко распространенному убеждению о существовании нормативного стандарта для человеческого мозга и тела. Чепмен утверждает, что это понятие нормальности не только угнетает, но и является относительно недавним изобретением, восходящим к расцвету капитализма. Автор исследует, как концепция нормальности была создана, чтобы оправдать эксплуатацию рабочих и укрепить социальные иерархии. Глава 2: Империя нормальности В этой главе Чепмен углубляется в историю движения нейроразнообразия, освещая борьбу нейродивергентов, которые подвергались маргинализации и стигматизации на протяжении всей истории.
L'auteur affirme que l'idée de normalité n'est pas un fait naturel ou biologique, mais plutôt le produit d'un capitalisme renforcé qui a façonné notre compréhension du corps humain et de l'esprit en une machine de performance. Ce travail novateur plonge dans la riche histoire des mouvements de neurodi....et de handicap, révélant le mythe du cerveau « normal » et la nécessité d'une politique radicale de neurodi....pour parvenir à la libération collective. Chapitre 1 : mythe de la normalité livre commence par remettre en question la croyance répandue de l'existence d'une norme normative pour le cerveau et le corps humains. Chapman affirme que cette notion de normalité est non seulement oppressive, mais aussi une invention relativement récente qui remonte à l'épanouissement du capitalisme. L'auteur étudie comment le concept de normalité a été créé pour justifier l'exploitation des travailleurs et renforcer les hiérarchies sociales. Chapitre 2 : L'Empire de la normalité Dans ce chapitre, Chapman approfondit l'histoire du mouvement de la neurodi....en éclairant les luttes des neurodivergents qui ont été marginalisés et stigmatisés tout au long de l'histoire.
autor afirma que la idea de normalidad no es un hecho natural o biológico, sino más bien un producto del capitalismo reforzado que ha moldeado nuestra comprensión del cuerpo humano y de la mente en una máquina de rendimiento. Este trabajo pionero profundiza en la rica historia de los movimientos de la neurociencia y la discapacidad, exponiendo el mito del cerebro «normal» y la necesidad de una política radical de la neurociencia para lograr la liberación colectiva. Capítulo 1: mito de la normalidad libro comienza desafiando la creencia generalizada sobre la existencia de un estándar normativo para el cerebro humano y el cuerpo. Chapman sostiene que esta noción de normalidad no sólo oprime, sino que es un invento relativamente reciente que se remonta al florecimiento del capitalismo. autor explora cómo se creó el concepto de normalidad para justificar la explotación de los trabajadores y reforzar las jerarquías sociales. Capítulo 2: imperio de la normalidad En este capítulo, Chapman profundiza en la historia del movimiento de la neurociencia, destacando la lucha de los neurodivergentes que han sido marginados y estigmatizados a lo largo de la historia.
O autor afirma que a ideia de normalidade não é um fato natural ou biológico, mas sim um produto do capitalismo reforçado que formou a nossa compreensão do corpo e da mente humanos em uma máquina de desempenho. Este trabalho inovador está se aprofundando na rica história dos movimentos de neurociência e deficiência, expondo o mito do cérebro «normal» e a necessidade de políticas radicais de neurociência para alcançar a libertação coletiva. Capítulo 1: O mito da normalidade O livro começa por desafiar a crença generalizada da existência de um padrão regulatório para o cérebro e o corpo humanos. Chapman afirma que este conceito de normalidade não é apenas opressivo, mas é uma invenção relativamente recente que remonta ao auge do capitalismo. O autor explora como o conceito de normalidade foi criado para justificar a exploração dos trabalhadores e fortalecer as hierarquias sociais. Capítulo 2: Império da normalidade Neste capítulo, Chapman aprofundou-se na história do movimento da neurociência, cobrindo a luta dos neurodivergentes que foram marginalizados e estigmatizados ao longo da história.
Der Autor argumentiert, dass die Idee der Normalität keine natürliche oder biologische Tatsache ist, sondern das Produkt eines verstärkten Kapitalismus, der unser Verständnis von menschlichem Körper und Geist zu einer Produktivitätsmaschine geformt hat. Diese bahnbrechende Arbeit vertieft sich in die reiche Geschichte der Neurodiversitäts- und Behinderungsbewegungen und enthüllt den Mythos des „normalen“ Gehirns und die Notwendigkeit einer radikalen Neurodiversitätspolitik, um kollektive Befreiung zu erreichen. Kapitel 1: Der Mythos der Normalität Das Buch beginnt damit, die weit verbreitete Überzeugung von der Existenz eines normativen Standards für das menschliche Gehirn und den menschlichen Körper in Frage zu stellen. Chapman argumentiert, dass diese Vorstellung von Normalität nicht nur deprimierend ist, sondern auch eine relativ junge Erfindung, die auf die Blütezeit des Kapitalismus zurückgeht. Der Autor untersucht, wie das Konzept der Normalität geschaffen wurde, um die Ausbeutung von Arbeitern zu rechtfertigen und soziale Hierarchien zu stärken. Kapitel 2: Das Reich der Normalität In diesem Kapitel taucht Chapman in die Geschichte der Neurodiversitätsbewegung ein und beleuchtet die Kämpfe von Neurodivergenten, die im Laufe der Geschichte marginalisiert und stigmatisiert wurden.
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Yazar, normallik fikrinin doğal ya da biyolojik bir gerçek olmadığını, insan bedeni ve zihni anlayışımızı bir üretkenlik makinesine dönüştüren yükseltilmiş kapitalizmin ürünü olduğunu savunuyor. Bu çığır açan çalışma, nöroçeşitliliğin ve engellilik hareketlerinin zengin tarihini inceleyerek, "normal" beyin efsanesini ve kolektif özgürlüğe ulaşmak için radikal nöroçeşitlilik politikalarına duyulan ihtiyacı ortaya koyuyor. Bölüm 1: Normallik Efsanesi Kitap, insan beyni ve vücudu için normatif bir standart olduğuna dair yaygın inanca meydan okuyarak başlar. Chapman, bu normallik kavramının sadece iç karartıcı değil, aynı zamanda kapitalizmin altın çağına dayanan nispeten yeni bir buluş olduğunu savunuyor. Yazar, normallik kavramının işçilerin sömürülmesini haklı çıkarmak ve sosyal hiyerarşileri güçlendirmek için nasıl yaratıldığını araştırıyor. Bölüm 2: Normallik İmparatorluğu Bu bölümde Chapman, nöroçeşitlilik hareketinin tarihini inceliyor ve tarih boyunca marjinalleştirilen ve damgalanan nöroçeşitliliklerin mücadelelerini vurguluyor.
يجادل المؤلف بأن فكرة الحياة الطبيعية ليست حقيقة طبيعية أو بيولوجية، بل هي نتاج رأسمالية متزايدة، والتي شكلت فهمنا لجسم الإنسان وعقله في آلة إنتاجية. يتعمق هذا العمل الرائد في التاريخ الغني للتنوع العصبي وحركات الإعاقة، مما يكشف أسطورة الدماغ «الطبيعي» والحاجة إلى سياسات التنوع العصبي الجذرية لتحقيق التحرر الجماعي. الفصل 1: أسطورة الحياة الطبيعية يبدأ الكتاب بتحدي الاعتقاد السائد بأن هناك معيارًا معياريًا للدماغ والجسم البشري. يجادل تشابمان بأن فكرة الحياة الطبيعية هذه ليست محبطة فحسب، بل هي اختراع حديث نسبيًا يعود تاريخه إلى ذروة الرأسمالية. يستكشف المؤلف كيف تم إنشاء مفهوم الحياة الطبيعية لتبرير استغلال العمال وتعزيز التسلسلات الهرمية الاجتماعية. الفصل 2: إمبراطورية الحياة الطبيعية في هذا الفصل، يتعمق تشابمان في تاريخ حركة التنوع العصبي، ويسلط الضوء على صراعات المتنوعين العصبيين الذين تم تهميشهم ووصمهم عبر التاريخ.

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