BOOKS - The Zong: A Massacre, the Law and the End of Slavery
The Zong: A Massacre, the Law and the End of Slavery - James Walvin January 1, 2011 PDF  BOOKS
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The Zong: A Massacre, the Law and the End of Slavery
Author: James Walvin
Year: January 1, 2011
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 4.1 MB
Language: English



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The Zong A Massacre, the Law, and the End of Slavery: A Shocking Tale of Human Inhumanity In the year 1781, Captain Collingwood of the British ship Zong made a fateful decision that would change the course of history forever. On November 29th of that year, he ordered his crew to throw overboard one-third of his cargo - 132 enslaved Africans - believing that his ship was off course and there wasn't enough drinking water to last until landfall. This horrifying event, known as the Zong massacre, marked the beginning of a long and complex journey towards the end of slavery and the unification of people in a warring state. The Zong's Voyage and the Infamous Murder of Enslaved Africans The Zong set sail from Africa with a cargo of 4400 enslaved Africans bound for America, but Captain Collingwood's decision to jettison the slaves into the sea had far-reaching consequences. The murder of these innocent men, women, and children sent shockwaves through the legal and moral fabric of society, sparking debates about slavery and its inhumane treatment of human beings. The episode is unique in the history of slave ships, but it has come to be understood as typical of life on all such vessels.
The Zong A Massacre, the Law, and the End of Slavery: A Shocking Tale of Human Inhumanity В 1781 году капитан Коллингвуд с британского судна Zong принял судьбоносное решение, которое навсегда изменит ход истории. 29 ноября того же года он приказал своей команде выбросить за борт одну треть своего груза - 132 порабощенных африканца - полагая, что его корабль сбился с курса и не хватает питьевой воды, чтобы продержаться до выхода на берег. Это ужасающее событие, известное как резня в Зонге, положило начало долгому и сложному пути к прекращению рабства и объединению людей в воюющем государстве. Путешествие Зонга и печально известное убийство порабощенных африканцев Зонг отплыл из Африки с грузом из 4400 порабощенных африканцев, направляющихся в Америку, но решение капитана Коллингвуда сбросить рабов в море имело далеко идущие последствия. Убийство этих невинных мужчин, женщин и детей вызвало потрясения в правовой и моральной структуре общества, вызвав дебаты о рабстве и бесчеловечном обращении с людьми. Эпизод уникален в истории рабовладельческих кораблей, но его стали понимать как типичный для жизни на всех подобных судах.
The Zong A Massacre, the Law, and the End of Slavery : A Shocking Tale of Human Humanity En 1781, le capitaine Collingwood du navire britannique Zong a pris une décision fatale qui changera pour toujours le cours de l'histoire. 29 novembre de la même année, il a ordonné à son équipe de jeter par-dessus bord un tiers de sa cargaison - 132 Africains asservis - pensant que son navire s'était égaré et qu'il n'y avait pas assez d'eau potable pour rester à terre. Cet événement terrifiant, connu sous le nom de massacre de Zonga, a marqué le début d'un long et difficile chemin vers la fin de l'esclavage et l'unification des peuples dans un État en guerre. voyage de Zong et le tristement célèbre meurtre d'esclaves africains Zong a quitté l'Afrique avec une cargaison de 4 400 esclaves africains en direction des États-Unis, mais la décision du capitaine Collingwood de jeter des esclaves en mer a eu des conséquences considérables. meurtre de ces innocents hommes, femmes et enfants a bouleversé la structure juridique et morale de la société, provoquant un débat sur l'esclavage et le traitement inhumain des êtres humains. L'épisode est unique dans l'histoire des navires esclaves, mais il a commencé à être compris comme typique de la vie sur tous ces navires.
The Zong A Massacre, the Law, and the End of Slavery: A Shocking Tale of Human Inhanity En 1781, el capitán Collingwood del barco británico Zong tomó una decisión fatídica que cambiaría para siempre el curso de la historia. 29 de noviembre de ese mismo año ordenó a su equipo tirar por la borda un tercio de su carga - 132 africanos esclavizados - creyendo que su barco se había desviado del rumbo y carecía de agua potable suficiente para durar hasta llegar a tierra. Este horrible acontecimiento, conocido como la masacre de Zonga, marcó el comienzo de un largo y complejo camino hacia el fin de la esclavitud y la unificación de la gente en un estado en guerra. viaje de Zong y el infame asesinato de africanos esclavizados, Zong zarpó de África con una carga de 4.400 africanos esclavizados rumbo a América, pero la decisión del capitán Collingwood de arrojar esclavos al mar tuvo consecuencias de largo alcance. asesinato de estos hombres, mujeres y niños inocentes ha causado revuelo en la estructura jurídica y moral de la sociedad, generando un debate sobre la esclavitud y el trato inhumano de los seres humanos. episodio es único en la historia de las naves esclavistas, pero comenzó a entenderse como típico de la vida en todos los barcos similares.
The Zong A Massacre, the Law, and the End of Slavery: A Shocking Tal of Human Inhumanity Em 1781, o Capitão Collingwood do navio britânico Zong tomou uma decisão de destino que mudará para sempre o curso da história. Em 29 de novembro daquele ano, ele ordenou à sua equipa que atirasse um terço da sua carga - 132 africanos escravizados - acreditando que sua nave tinha perdido a rota e que não havia água potável suficiente para aguentar até chegar à praia. Este acontecimento horroroso, conhecido como o massacre de Zong, iniciou um longo e complexo caminho para acabar com a escravidão e unir as pessoas num estado em guerra. A viagem de Zong e o infame assassinato de africanos escravizados Zong partiu da África com uma carga de 4.400 africanos escravizados com destino à América, mas a decisão do Capitão Collingwood de lançar escravos para o mar teve grandes consequências. O assassinato destes inocentes homens, mulheres e crianças causou transtornos na estrutura jurídica e moral da sociedade, gerando um debate sobre escravidão e tratamento desumano das pessoas. O episódio é único na história dos navios escravos, mas começou a ser entendido como típico da vida em todos os navios semelhantes.
The Zong A Massacre, the Law, and the End of Slavery: A Shocking Tale of Human Inhumanity Nel 1781 il capitano Collingwood della nave britannica Zong prese una decisione destinataria che cambierà per sempre il corso della storia. Il 29 novembre dello stesso anno ordinò al suo equipaggio di gettare un terzo del suo carico - 132 africani schiavizzati - credendo che la sua nave avesse perso la rotta e non avesse abbastanza acqua potabile per resistere fino ad arrivare a riva. Questo terribile evento, noto come il massacro di Zong, ha dato il via a un lungo e complesso cammino per porre fine alla schiavitù e unire le persone in uno stato in guerra. Il viaggio di Zong e la famigerata uccisione di africani schiavizzati Zong salpò dall'Africa con un carico di 4400 africani schiavizzati diretti in America, ma la decisione del capitano Collingwood di gettare schiavi in mare ha avuto grandi conseguenze. L'uccisione di questi innocenti uomini, donne e bambini ha causato sconvolgimenti nella struttura giuridica e morale della società, suscitando un dibattito sulla schiavitù e sul trattamento disumano delle persone. L'episodio è unico nella storia delle navi da schiavisti, ma è diventato tipico della vita su tutte queste navi.
Die Zong A Massacre, the Law, and the End of Slavery: A Shocking Tale of Human Inhumanity 1781 traf Captain Collingwood vom britischen Schiff Zong eine schicksalhafte Entscheidung, die den Lauf der Geschichte für immer verändern sollte. Am 29. November desselben Jahres befahl er seiner Crew, ein Drittel seiner Ladung - 132 versklavte Afrikaner - über Bord zu werfen, da er glaubte, sein Schiff sei vom Kurs abgekommen und es fehle an Trinkwasser, um bis zum Landgang durchzuhalten. Dieses schreckliche Ereignis, bekannt als das Zong-Massaker, markierte den Beginn eines langen und schwierigen Weges zur Beendigung der Sklaverei und zur Vereinigung der Menschen in einem kriegführenden Staat. Zongs Reise und der berüchtigte Mord an versklavten Afrikanern Zong segelte aus Afrika mit einer Ladung von 4.400 versklavten Afrikanern auf dem Weg nach Amerika, aber Captain Collingwoods Entscheidung, Sklaven ins Meer zu werfen, hatte weitreichende Folgen. Die Ermordung dieser unschuldigen Männer, Frauen und Kinder hat zu einer Umwälzung der rechtlichen und moralischen Struktur der Gesellschaft geführt und eine Debatte über Sklaverei und unmenschliche Behandlung von Menschen ausgelöst. Die Episode ist einzigartig in der Geschichte der Sklavenschiffe, aber sie wurde als typisch für das ben auf allen ähnlichen Schiffen verstanden.
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Zong Katliamı, Yasa ve Köleliğin Sonu: 1781 yılında, İngiliz gemisi Zong'dan Kaptan Collingwood, tarihin akışını sonsuza dek değiştirecek bir karar verdi. O yıl 29 Kasım'da, mürettebatına kargolarının üçte birini - 132 köleleştirilmiş Afrikalıyı - gemilerinin rotadan çıktığını ve karaya kadar dayanacak kadar içme suyu olmadığını düşünerek atmalarını emretti. Zonga katliamı olarak bilinen bu korkunç olay, köleliği sona erdirmek ve insanları savaşan bir devlette birleştirmek için uzun ve karmaşık bir yolculuğa başladı. Zong'un yolculuğu ve köleleştirilmiş Afrikalıların rezil cinayeti Zong, Amerika'ya bağlı 4.400 köleleştirilmiş Afrikalıdan oluşan bir kargo ile Afrika'dan yola çıktı, ancak Kaptan Collingwood'un köleleri denize atma kararının çok geniş kapsamlı sonuçları oldu. Bu masum erkek, kadın ve çocukların öldürülmesi, toplumun yasal ve ahlaki dokusuna şok dalgaları göndererek kölelik ve insanlara insanlık dışı muamele hakkında bir tartışma başlattı. Bölüm, köle gemilerinin tarihinde benzersizdir, ancak bu tür tüm gemilerde tipik bir yaşam olarak anlaşılmaya başlandı.
The Zong A Massacre, the Law, and the End of Slavery: A Shousing Tale of Human Inhumanity في عام 1781، اتخذ الكابتن كولينجوود من السفينة البريطانية Zong قرارًا مصيريًا سيغير مجرى التاريخ إلى الأبد. في 29 نوفمبر من ذلك العام، أمر طاقمه بالتخلي عن ثلث حمولتهم - 132 أفريقيًا مستعبدًا - معتقدًا أن سفينته كانت خارج مسارها ولم يكن هناك ما يكفي من مياه الشرب حتى وصول اليابسة. بدأ هذا الحدث المروع، المعروف باسم مذبحة زونغا، رحلة طويلة ومعقدة لإنهاء العبودية وتوحيد الناس في دولة متحاربة. أبحرت رحلة زونغ والقتل الشائن للأفارقة المستعبدين زونغ من إفريقيا بشحنة من 4400 أفريقي مستعبد متجهين إلى أمريكا، لكن قرار الكابتن كولينجوود بإلقاء العبيد في البحر كان له عواقب بعيدة المدى. وقد أحدث قتل هؤلاء الرجال والنساء والأطفال الأبرياء صدمة في النسيج القانوني والأخلاقي للمجتمع، مما أثار جدلا حول الرق والمعاملة اللاإنسانية للناس. هذه الحلقة فريدة من نوعها في تاريخ سفن العبيد، لكنها بدأت تُفهم على أنها نموذجية للحياة على جميع هذه السفن.

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