BOOKS - Nomadic Cultures in the Mega-Structure of the Eurasian World
Nomadic Cultures in the Mega-Structure of the Eurasian World - Evgenij N. Chernykh January 31, 2017 PDF  BOOKS
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Nomadic Cultures in the Mega-Structure of the Eurasian World
Author: Evgenij N. Chernykh
Year: January 31, 2017
Format: PDF
File size: PDF 290 MB
Language: English



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Nomadic Cultures in the MegaStructure of the Eurasian World: A Call for Understanding and Unity As we delve into the intricate history and culture of the nomadic peoples of Eurasia, it becomes clear that two major dividing lines have shaped the megastructure of the continent since the Paleolithic Age. The first vertical line separates East and West, with the East dominated by Mongol peoples speaking Sino-Tibetan, Manchu-Tungus, and Altaic languages, while the West was largely inhabited by Caucasoid peoples who spoke Indo-European, Semitic, and Finno-Ugric languages. This division has had a profound impact on the development of technology, society, and culture throughout history. The second line, which divides the continent horizontally by latitude, has played a crucial role in the evolution of human societies. To the north of this line lay the world of hunter-gatherers and fishermen, while to the south, agriculture was the dominant mode of subsistence.
Кочевые культуры в мегаструктуре евразийского мира: призыв к пониманию и единству По мере того, как мы углубляемся в запутанную историю и культуру кочевых народов Евразии, становится ясно, что две основные разделительные линии сформировали мегаструктуру континента с эпохи палеолита. Первая вертикальная линия разделяет Восток и Запад, причем на Востоке доминируют монгольские народы, говорящие на сино-тибетском, маньчжуро-тунгусском и алтайских языках, в то время как Запад в значительной степени населяли европеоидные народы, говорившие на индоевропейских, семитских и финно-угорских языках. Это разделение оказало глубокое влияние на развитие технологий, общества и культуры на протяжении всей истории. Вторая линия, которая делит континент по горизонтали по широте, сыграла решающую роль в эволюции человеческих обществ. К северу от этой линии лежал мир охотников-собирателей и рыбаков, а к югу преобладающим способом существования было земледелие.
s cultures nomades dans la mégastructure du monde eurasien : un appel à la compréhension et à l'unité Alors que nous nous enfonçons dans l'histoire et la culture confuses des peuples nomades d'Eurasie, il devient clair que les deux principales lignes de séparation ont façonné la mégastructure du continent depuis l'ère paléolithique. La première ligne verticale sépare l'Est et l'Ouest, l'Est étant dominé par les peuples mongols qui parlent le sino-tibétain, le manchuro-tungus et l'altaï, tandis que l'Ouest était en grande partie peuplé par des peuples européens qui parlaient les langues indo-européennes, sémitiques et finnoises-ougoriennes. Cette division a profondément influencé le développement de la technologie, de la société et de la culture tout au long de l'histoire. La deuxième ligne, qui divise horizontalement le continent en latitude, a joué un rôle décisif dans l'évolution des sociétés humaines. Au nord de cette ligne se trouvait un monde de chasseurs-cueilleurs et de pêcheurs, et au sud, l'agriculture était le mode d'existence dominant.
Culturas nómadas en la megaestructura del mundo euroasiático: una llamada a la comprensión y a la unidad A medida que profundizamos en la confusa historia y cultura de los pueblos nómadas de Eurasia, se hace evidente que las dos principales líneas divisorias han formado la megaestructura del continente desde la era paleolítica. La primera línea vertical separa el Este y el Oeste, con el Este dominado por los pueblos mongoles que hablan las lenguas sino-tibetano, manchuro-tungusano y altaico, mientras que el Oeste estaba habitado en gran medida por pueblos europeoides que hablaban las lenguas indoeuropeas, semitas y fino-ugorianas. Esta división ha tenido un profundo impacto en el desarrollo de la tecnología, la sociedad y la cultura a lo largo de la historia. La segunda línea, que divide el continente horizontalmente en latitud, jugó un papel crucial en la evolución de las sociedades humanas. Al norte de esta línea se encontraba el mundo de cazadores-recolectores y pescadores, y al sur el modo de existencia predominante era la agricultura.
Culturas nómadas na megaestruturação do mundo eurasiático: apelo para a compreensão e a união À medida que nos aprofundamos na história e cultura confusa dos povos nómadas da Eurásia, fica claro que as duas principais linhas divisórias formaram a megaestrutura do continente desde a era paleolítica. A primeira linha vertical divide o ste e o Ocidente, sendo dominado pelo ste pelos povos mongóis, que falam sino-tibetano, manchouro-tungus e altaínos, enquanto o Ocidente era habitado em grande parte pelos povos europeus que falavam indoor, semita e anguia final. Esta divisão teve um impacto profundo no desenvolvimento da tecnologia, da sociedade e da cultura ao longo da história. A segunda linha, que divide o continente horizontalmente em latitude, foi crucial para a evolução das sociedades humanas. Ao norte da linha, havia um mundo de caçadores-coletores e pescadores, e ao sul o modo predominante de existir era a agricultura.
Colture nomadi nella megastruttura del mondo eurasiatico: un appello alla comprensione e all'unità Mentre approfondiamo la storia e la cultura confusa dei popoli nomadi dell'Eurasia, è chiaro che le due principali linee di separazione hanno formato la mega-struttura del continente fin dal paleolitico. La prima linea verticale divide l'Oriente e l'Occidente, mentre l'Oriente è dominato dalle popolazioni mongole che parlano sino-tibetano, manchuro-tungusano e altoatesino, mentre l'Occidente era in gran parte abitato da popoli europeidi che parlavano le lingue indoeuropee, semitiche e finale ugorane. Questa divisione ha avuto un profondo impatto sullo sviluppo della tecnologia, della società e della cultura nel corso della storia. La seconda linea, che divide orizzontalmente il continente in base alla latitudine, è stata fondamentale per l'evoluzione delle società umane. A nord di questa linea c'era un mondo di cacciatori-raccoglitori e pescatori, mentre a sud il modo dominante era l'agricoltura.
Nomadische Kulturen in der Megastruktur der eurasischen Welt: Ein Ruf nach Verständnis und Einheit Während wir tiefer in die verworrene Geschichte und Kultur der nomadischen Völker Eurasiens eintauchen, wird deutlich, dass zwei große Trennlinien die Megastruktur des Kontinents seit dem Paläolithikum geprägt haben. Die erste vertikale Linie trennt Ost und West, wobei der Osten von mongolischen Völkern dominiert wird, die no-Tibetisch, Mandschu-Tungusisch und Altai sprechen, während der Westen weitgehend von kaukasischen Völkern bewohnt wurde, die indoeuropäische, semitische und finno-ugrische Sprachen sprachen. Diese Trennung hatte einen tiefgreifenden Einfluss auf die Entwicklung von Technologie, Gesellschaft und Kultur im Laufe der Geschichte. Die zweite Linie, die den Kontinent horizontal entlang der Breite teilt, spielte eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Entwicklung der menschlichen Gesellschaften. Nördlich dieser Linie lag die Welt der Jäger und Sammler und Fischer, und im Süden war die vorherrschende bensweise die Landwirtschaft.
Kultury koczownicze w megastrukturze świata eurazjatyckiego: Wezwanie do zrozumienia i jedności Kiedy zagłębiamy się w skomplikowaną historię i kulturę koczowniczych ludów Eurazji, jasne jest, że dwie główne linie podziału ukształtowały megastrukturę kontynentu od Palazu eolityczne. Pierwsza pionowa linia rozdziela Wschód i Zachód, ze Wschodem zdominowanym przez ludy mongolskie mówiące no-Tybetańczykiem, Mandżurem i Ałtajem, podczas gdy Zachód był w dużej mierze zamieszkiwany przez ludy kaukaskie, które mówiły po indoeuropejsku, semicji i Finlandii Nie-Ugric. Podział ten miał ogromny wpływ na rozwój technologii, społeczeństwa i kultury w całej historii. Druga linia, która dzieli kontynent horyzontalnie przez szerokość geograficzną, odegrała kluczową rolę w ewolucji społeczeństw ludzkich. Na północ od tej linii leżał świat łowców-zbieraczy i rybaków, a na południu dominującym sposobem utrzymania było rolnictwo.
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Avrasya Dünyasının Mega Yapısında Göçebe Kültürler: Anlayış ve Birlik Çağrısı Avrasya'nın göçebe halklarının karmaşık tarihini ve kültürünü incelerken, kıtanın mega yapısını Paleolitik'ten bu yana iki ana ayrım çizgisinin şekillendirdiği açıktır. İlk dikey çizgi Doğu ve Batı'yı birbirinden ayırır; Doğu, Çin-Tibet, Mançu-Tungus ve Altay dilleri konuşan Moğol halklarının hakimiyetindeyken, Batı büyük ölçüde Hint-Avrupa, Semitik ve Fin-Ugor dilleri konuşan Kafkas halkları tarafından iskan edilmiştir. Bu bölünmenin tarih boyunca teknolojinin, toplumun ve kültürün gelişimi üzerinde derin bir etkisi olmuştur. Kıtayı yatay olarak enlemle ayıran ikinci çizgi, insan toplumlarının evriminde çok önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Bu çizginin kuzeyinde avcı-toplayıcılardan ve balıkçılardan oluşan bir dünya vardı ve güneyde baskın geçim tarzı çiftçilikti.
الثقافات البدوية في البنية الهائلة للعالم الأوراسي: دعوة للتفاهم والوحدة بينما نتعمق في التاريخ المعقد وثقافة الشعوب البدوية في أوراسيا، من الواضح أن خطين رئيسيين فاصلين شكلا البنية الهائلة للقارة منذ العصر الحجري القديم. يفصل الخط العمودي الأول بين الشرق والغرب، حيث يهيمن على الشرق الشعوب المنغولية التي تتحدث اللغة الصينية التبتية والمانشو التونغوسية والألتية، بينما كان الغرب يسكنه إلى حد كبير الشعوب القوقازية التي تتحدث اللغة الهندية الأوروبية والسامية والفنلندية الأوغرية. كان لهذا التقسيم تأثير عميق على تطوير التكنولوجيا والمجتمع والثقافة عبر التاريخ. أما الخط الثاني، الذي يقسم القارة أفقيا حسب خطوط العرض، فقد لعب دورا حاسما في تطور المجتمعات البشرية. إلى الشمال من هذا الخط يوجد عالم من الصيادين وجامعي الثمار والصيادين، وإلى الجنوب كان أسلوب الكفاف السائد هو الزراعة.
ユーラシア世界のメガストラクチャーにおける遊牧民の文化:理解と団結の呼びかけユーラシアの遊牧民の複雑な歴史と文化を掘り下げるにつれて、2つの主要な分割線が、旧石器時代から大陸のメガストラクチャーを形作ってきたことは明らかです。最初の縦線は東と西を隔てており、東はシノ・チベット語、満州・トゥングス語、アルタイ語を話すモンゴル人が支配していたが、西は主にインド系ヨーロッパ人、セミティック人、フィンノウグリック人が住んでいた。この部門は、歴史を通じて技術、社会、文化の発展に大きな影響を与えてきました。大陸を緯度で水平に分ける第二の線は、人間社会の進化において重要な役割を果たした。このラインの北には狩猟採集者と漁師の世界があり、南には主に自給自足の方法が農業であった。
歐亞世界巨型結構中的遊牧文化:呼籲理解和團結隨著我們深入研究歐亞大陸遊牧民族錯綜復雜的歷史和文化,很明顯,自舊石器時代以來,兩條主要分界線塑造了非洲大陸的巨型結構。第一條垂直線將東西方分開,東方由講西藏語,滿族通古斯語和阿爾泰語的蒙古人統治,而西方則主要居住在講印歐語,閃族語和芬諾-烏格裏語的Europeoid人民中。這種分離在整個歷史上對技術,社會和文化的發展產生了深遠的影響。橫向劃分大陸的第二條線對人類社會的演變起著至關重要的作用。這條線的北部是狩獵采集者和漁民的世界,而南部的主要生存方式是農業。

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